The course includes survey and special topics designed for graduate students in the brain and cognitive sciences. It emphasizes ethological studies of natural behavior patterns and their analysis in laboratory work, with contributions from field biology (mammology, primatology), sociobiology, and comparative psychology. It stresses mammalian behavior but also includes major contributions from studies of other vertebrates and of invertebrates. It covers some applications of animal-behavior knowledge to neuropsychology and behavioral pharmacology.

In this activity, students will practice talking and asking questions with a partner about different middle eastern places. students will also practice asking for directions.Can-Do Statements:I can talk about different places with a friend/classmate.I can ask about different places with someone.I can ask for directions when I need to go somewhere.

In this activity, students will practice the supermarket vocabulary. they will identify the sections and products found in the supermarket, ask and answer questions and directions, and read the supermarket list with a partner.Can-Do Statements:I can recognize and name different sections and products found in a supermarket in Arabic.I can ask for assistance and directions from a supermarket employee in Arabic.I can read a shopping list in Arabic and find the items on the list in a supermarket.

This experiment demonstrates the effect of muscarinic agonists and its parasympathetic effects such as lacrimation (shedding of red tears), salivation, defaecation, urination pilo-erection, rhinorrhea, sweating and labored breathing.This module has been internally reviewed by a cross-disciplinary committee within KNUST prior to releasing as an Open Educational Resource.

Bulletin of Environment, Pharmacology and Life Sciences [BEPLS] is a monthly peer reviewed open access international journal focused towards the rapid publication of fundamental research papers on all areas of Environment, Pharmacology and Life Sciences. BEPLS is official publication of Academy for Environment and Life Sciences [Regd. Under Societies Registration Act XXI, 1860]

The focus and the scope of journal include:
Biochemistry
Biotechnology
Endocrinology
Molecular Biology
Cellular Biology
Environmental Biology
Environmental Chemistry
Pharmacology
Economic Zoology and Botany
Embryology
Nanotechnology
Microbiology
Agricultural Sciences
Ecology
Medical Sciences
Toxicology, etc.

Resources for Canadian Medical Trainees

Long Description:
The first comprehensive open textbook on Clinical Pharmacology, Toxicology and Prescribing Competence for medical students across Canada. There is well documented evidence that knowledge and appropriate prescribing of medication reduces patient mortality and disability, and improves the cost-effectiveness and sustainability of the healthcare system. There is a large learning gap amongst medical students, strong interest in a national resource amongst medical school faculty, and the lack of any national online resource. This open textbook provides access to these resources in a coherent, organized manner.

Word Count: 5567

(Note: This resource's metadata has been created automatically by reformatting and/or combining the information that the author initially provided as part of a bulk import process.)

Successful Pharmacology course completion requires students to mentally overlay complex mechanisms of drug action onto intricate body physiology to make sense of how drugs both correct and cause disease. Unfortunately, many students (undergraduate – health professional) lack the needed study/critical thinking skills required to navigate this complex curriculum. Providing students with lecture content and study guides is only a partial solution as they often fail, alone, to adequately convey the thought structure required for student success. Therefore, this series of application/critical thinking worksheets was developed to demystify, model, and guide students through the critical thinking processes that need to be employed when engaging the Pharmacology curriculum.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Real-world data and real-world evidence are terms widely used in the field of health care. In fact, various stakeholders are showing increasing interest in using real world data and real world evidence. Pharmaceutical companies, for example, use real world data for various purposes—from the early stages of development to post-launch. One hot topic focuses on using real world data and real world evidence to support regulatory decision making to deliver drugs faster to patients with high medical needs. This has been the subject of active discussion in the US, Europe, Japan and other countries, leading to regulatory reform and improvement of the implementation environment. However, there are barriers to the regulatory acceptance and use of both real world data and real world evidence. Real world data should be evaluated not only for quality but also for data relevance. There is a lack of universally accepted methodological criteria..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

Scientists who are working to discover new medicines often use robots to prepare samples of cells, allowing them to test chemicals to identify those that might be used to treat diseases. Students will meet a scientist who works to identify new medicines. She created free software that ''looks'' at images of cells and determines which images show cells that have responded to the potential medicines. Students will learn about how this technology is currently enabling research to identify new antibiotics to treat tuberculosis. Students will complete hands-on activities that demonstrate how new medicines can be discovered using robots and computer software, starring the student as ''the computer.'' In the process, the students learn about experimental design, including positive and negative controls.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"The physiological effects of melatonin are far reaching, from acting as an neuroprotective agent to regulating circadian rhythms and sleep cycles. An imbalance of this hormone has even been linked to neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s, and Huntington’s. The precise molecular mechanism by which melatonin exerts these effects, however, remains a mystery. To shed light on this process, a team of researchers has developed a melatonin-like compound that is unable to penetrate the cell membrane and binds only to cell-surface receptors. Melatonin’s physiological effects on the brain are controlled by the lock-and-key-like properties of this hormone and its receptors. When melatonin binds to its corresponding receptor, a biochemical signal is sent into the cell. But recent data suggests that this interaction may also occur inside the cell, itself. Specifically, on mitochondria within brain cells..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide and has high rates of recurrence and death. In patients with advanced HCC and poor liver function, surgery and ablation aren’t very effective, so pharmacotherapy is typically used. However, traditional antitumor drugs don’t have ideal properties or efficacy, and they’re highly toxic to normal cells. Recently developed nanotechnologies have shown promise for improving drug kinetics and efficacy against HCC. For example, nanoparticles can deliver drugs to tumor tissues and affect specific cells and molecules in the tumor microenvironment. These nanocarriers can reach their targets passively (due to intrinsic tumor characteristics) or actively (via molecules engineered onto their surfaces). Drug release from the nanoparticles can be induced by conditions common in tumors, such as hypoxia and acidification or by externally applied stimuli, such as light, heat, ultrasound, and magnetic fields..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This class is a multidisciplinary introduction to pharmacology, neurotransmitters, drug mechanisms, and brain diseases from addiction to schizophrenia.
From Abilify® to Zyrtec®, the world is full of fascinating drugs. If you are poisoned by sarin nerve gas, you may be able to save your life by huffing some BZ nerve gas. This class will explain that chemical curiosity, along with a host of other interesting tidbits of pharmacology. The structure of the class interleaves basic concepts with specific examples and entertaining tangents, so it is not loaded with boring abstract theory. In the first class you will learn what a neurotransmitter is, and you will immediately apply that knowledge when we discuss the mechanism of caffeine. The class is highly multidisciplinary, including topics such as patent law, medical ethics, history, and the physics of crack pipes.

This class is a multidisciplinary introduction to pharmacology, neurotransmitters, drug mechanisms, and brain diseases from addiction to schizophrenia.
From Abilify® to Zyrtec®, the world is full of fascinating drugs. If you are poisoned by sarin nerve gas, you may be able to save your life by huffing some BZ nerve gas. This class will explain that chemical curiosity, along with a host of other interesting tidbits of pharmacology. The structure of the class interleaves basic concepts with specific examples and entertaining tangents, so it is not loaded with boring abstract theory. In the first class you will learn what a neurotransmitter is, and you will immediately apply that knowledge when we discuss the mechanism of caffeine. The class is highly multidisciplinary, including topics such as patent law, medical ethics, history, and the physics of crack pipes.

The Course book presents the basics of drugs quality control in accordance with regulatory documents (pharmacopoeia of Europe, USA, Japan, Russia) and new data from current scientific periodicals, monographs The features of the physical, spectral and chemical quality control of medicines according to the indicators «identification», «tests» and «assay» are described in detail. Part II presents a workbook, which includes questions for the self-control of the material studied and tasks for a laboratory workshop. The Course book contains reference material and samples of pharmacopoeial articles. The Course book is designed for students of the specialty «Pharmacy».

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder, or NMOSD, is a rare auto-immune demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. Now considered a separate disorder from multiple sclerosis, NMOSD can be severely disabling and life-threatening, with a reported mortality of between 7 and 32%. The hallmark of the disease is recurrent attacks of optic neuritis and/or transverse myelitis that result in accumulating, irreversible disability, including blindness and paraplegia. Approximately 75 to 90% of patients with NMOSD have a disease-specific, pathogenic IgG autoantibody against the aquaporin-4 water channel, or AQP4. This antibody is thought to bind to AQP4 on astrocyte foot processes at the blood-brain barrier. This causes damage to astrocytes and the blood-brain barrier itself through several mechanisms, including the formation of the membrane attack complex through activation of the complement component C5b9..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"A new study re-examining the validity of a major drug trial might have doctors rethinking how to treat heart attack survivors. Bolstered by the findings of a landmark clinical trial reported in 2015, the blood thinner ticagrelor has been increasingly prescribed by doctors to reduce the risk of heart attack in people with a history of heart problems. Now, researchers from France say those findings don’t apply to all patients who meet the original study’s criteria. That bias could prove critical for prescribers, who may witness more cases of serious bleeding and death among their patients than previously reported. The 2015 drug study, known as the PEGASUS trial, screened heart attack survivors from around the globe. Those selected for the trial had to be at least 65 years old, or at least 50 with diabetes. Results showed that, when combined with aspirin, ticagrelor significantly decreased the risk of stroke or a second heart attack. It did, however, increase the risk of major bleeding..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Wet age-related macular degeneration, or wet AMD, occurs when newly formed blood vessels leak or bleed into the center of the retina, resulting in poor vision. Proactive treatment with intravitreal aflibercept has produced good outcomes in clinical studies. The treat-and-extend dosing strategy in particular has been shown to produce similar visual outcomes to fixed dosing every 4 or 8 weeks. And real-world evidence suggests that patients treated proactively in real life show outcomes similar to those observed in clinical trials. In the ALTAIR study, investigators explored how to fine-tune the proactive treat-and-extend approach in Japanese patients. The study aimed to identify the optimal extension interval for individual patients and individualize treatment with optimal extension to reduce the treatment burden for as many patients as possible. Ideally, treatments would be as infrequent as once every 16 weeks—with fast extensions made in 4-week increments—while maintaining initial vision gains..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Over the past few decades, the pharmaceutical industry has shifted its focus to areas of high unmet need Such as treating cancer and rare diseases For many of these conditions, traditional approaches to clinical trial design fall short The transition therefore calls for innovative clinical and regulatory strategies that can deliver new drugs fast Advanced digital technologies now offer unprecedented opportunities to improve drug development and, by extension, patients’ lives These include capturing patient-reported outcomes facilitating accelerated regulatory approval pathways analyzing real-world data and using intelligent analytics solutions While the tools and practices for unlocking the potential of innovation abound pharma is only in the early stages of adapting them at scale Aligning the needs of patients, providers, payers, and regulators will require biopharma organizations to adapt and evolve And leveraging digital tools, data, and analytics could help them get there Lee e.."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

The target learner will have started in a dental hygiene program and have basic knowledge of common medical emergencies that may occur in the dental office. As a dental hygiene student, this lesson will enhance the learner's knowledge on basic emergency drug use as a dental hygienist in a clinic. Ideally, the learner would have completed the lesson regarding emergency drugs in their pharmacology course and can utilize this lesson as a supplement to self refelect on their retention of knowledge and key take aways.

Introduction to English for Pharmacy Technicians
Hello and welcome! This open educational resource (OER) is a compilation of presentations, worksheets, handouts, and activities created for an English for Pharmacy Technicians course. It supports multilingual learners as they develop competencies in pharmaceutical terminology and workplace communication. This OER is most appropriate for students who are enrolled in a pharmacy technician program. By the end of this resource, students will be able to:
Recognize and make use of pharmaceutical and medical terminology.
Use communication skills and functional language to communicate with patients, pharmacists, doctors, and other medical staff.

This resource includes three sections:
Pharmacy Abbreviations
Introduction to Medication
Workplace Skills for Pharmacy Technicians

The order in which the reader navigates through this resource depends on how the reader’s pharmacy technician course is structured. My main suggestion for teachers and students using this resource is to go based on your course schedule. Use the table of content to check what content or activity you can use for the lesson you are teaching or studying. If you are not currently enrolled in a pharmacy technician course, then I recommend navigating in a chronological order.

Dedication
This resource is for all the powerful multilingual learners I’ve witnessed dedicate themselves to reaching their goals, from my own family, husband, and the students who sit in my class every day. Thank you for all you have taught me.

License Information
This resource is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0). That means you can share in any medium or format. You can also adapt this resource by remixing, transforming, and building upon the material as long as you attribute and do not use it for commercial purposes. For further details, visit the CC BY-NC 4.0 License page.