This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Accurate identification of medical alarm sounds can be life-saving, but current standard alarms are difficult to learn. One issue is that these alarms, despite having different melodies, possess highly similar tonal qualities. This makes it hard to distinguish, for example, an alarm indicating an abnormal heart rate from one denoting abnormal oxygen saturation. To ease interpretation, researchers have developed new auditory icon alarms. These real-world sounds are associated with the processes they represent, such as the sound made by pills rattling in a bottle to indicate a drug administration issue or the sound of assisted breathing to denote abnormal ventilation parameters. The intuitive reaction to such sounds should make the icon alarms easier to identify than standard alarms, creating new possibilities to improve patient safety. The team tested the usability of the icons in a simulated intensive care unit..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

Poet and author Audre Lorde used her writing to shine light on her experience of the world as a Black lesbian woman and later, as a mother and person suffering from cancer.

This resource is from a collection of biographies of famous women. It is provided by the National Women's History Museum, and may include links to supplemental materials including lesson plans about the subject and related topics, links to related biographies, and "works cited" pages. The biographies are sponsored by Susan D. Whiting.

On May 2, 1963, 9 year old Audrey Faye Hendricks became the youngest known person arrested during the Civil Rights Movement.

This resource is from a collection of biographies of famous women. It is provided by the National Women's History Museum, and may include links to supplemental materials including lesson plans about the subject and related topics, links to related biographies, and "works cited" pages. The biographies are sponsored by Susan D. Whiting.

This informational text explains the colorful phenomenon known as the northern lights (aurora borealis) and the southern lights (aurora australis). Students explore the cause of the aurora. The text is written at a grade four through five reading level. This is a PDF containing the informational text and a glossary.

An Australian and New Zealand Human Resource Management Guide to Work Health and Safety presents an historical overview of work health and safety, outlines its key theories and principles then explains how it can be operationalised through adopting and enacting a safety management system.

Tools and Ideas for educators who want to provide more authentic learning opportunities to kids.

Autherine Lucy was the first African American student to attend the University of Alabama

This resource is from a collection of biographies of famous women. It is provided by the National Women's History Museum, and may include links to supplemental materials including lesson plans about the subject and related topics, links to related biographies, and "works cited" pages. The biographies are sponsored by Susan D. Whiting.

Accumulating evidence indicates high risk of bias in preclinical animal research, questioning the scientific validity and reproducibility of published research findings. Systematic reviews found low rates of reporting of measures against risks of bias in the published literature (e.g., randomization, blinding, sample size calculation) and a correlation between low reporting rates and inflated treatment effects. That most animal research undergoes peer review or ethical review would offer the possibility to detect risks of bias at an earlier stage, before the research has been conducted. For example, in Switzerland, animal experiments are licensed based on a detailed description of the study protocol and a harm–benefit analysis. We therefore screened applications for animal experiments submitted to Swiss authorities (n = 1,277) for the rates at which the use of seven basic measures against bias (allocation concealment, blinding, randomization, sample size calculation, inclusion/exclusion criteria, primary outcome variable, and statistical analysis plan) were described and compared them with the reporting rates of the same measures in a representative sub-sample of publications (n = 50) resulting from studies described in these applications. Measures against bias were described at very low rates, ranging on average from 2.4% for statistical analysis plan to 19% for primary outcome variable in applications for animal experiments, and from 0.0% for sample size calculation to 34% for statistical analysis plan in publications from these experiments. Calculating an internal validity score (IVS) based on the proportion of the seven measures against bias, we found a weak positive correlation between the IVS of applications and that of publications (Spearman’s rho = 0.34, p = 0.014), indicating that the rates of description of these measures in applications partly predict their rates of reporting in publications. These results indicate that the authorities licensing animal experiments are lacking important information about experimental conduct that determines the scientific validity of the findings, which may be critical for the weight attributed to the benefit of the research in the harm–benefit analysis. Similar to manuscripts getting accepted for publication despite poor reporting of measures against bias, applications for animal experiments may often be approved based on implicit confidence rather than explicit evidence of scientific rigor. Our findings shed serious doubt on the current authorization procedure for animal experiments, as well as the peer-review process for scientific publications, which in the long run may undermine the credibility of research. Developing existing authorization procedures that are already in place in many countries towards a preregistration system for animal research is one promising way to reform the system. This would not only benefit the scientific validity of findings from animal experiments but also help to avoid unnecessary harm to animals for inconclusive research.

This worksheet will help you reflect and self-assess a personal statement draft to consider opportunities for revision.

This work (Autobiography of Alice B. Toklas by Gertrude Stein) is free of known copyright restrictions.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Ischemic heart disease is a narrowing of the arteries that supply blood and oxygen to the heart. Caused by a build-up of plaque, this restricted blood flow, or ischemia, can cause chest pain and heart attacks, and is among the leading causes of death worldwide. Increasingly, physicians are looking to use MRI to visualize and measure the extent and severity of ischemia. This technique involves the injection of a contrast agent into a blood vessel in the arm. MRI is then used to create a series of images of the heart as the agent is delivered to the muscle, allowing physicians to visualize regions receiving inadequate blood flow. Images are acquired both at rest and during the “stress” induced by giving the patient a drug that increases blood flow to the heart as would occur during exercise. The utility of this approach, however, has been hindered by a lack of objective evaluation methods and the time-consuming task of processing the results in a laboratory setting..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Many older patients experience a kind of ‘brain fog’ following surgery, in which cognition is impaired from lingering effects of anesthesia. It’s temporary, but can still be disruptive. Now, there is early evidence that one way to prevent such problems is to automate more aspects of anesthetic management during surgery. That’s the preliminary finding from a new randomized controlled trial appearing in the journal Anesthesiology. Researchers at a hospital in Belgium tested whether automating three aspects of anesthetic management -- anesthetic depth, cardiac blood flow, and protective lung ventilation -- improved performance on cognitive tests post-op, compared to when an anesthesiologist is in manual control. Going in, the idea was that machines could do an even better job than humans at keeping parameters within the recommended ranges, and this might lead patients to have less post-op cognitive impairment..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

A higher minimum wage would provide higher income for low-wage workers but also likely reduce job opportunities. Some of the reduction in job opportunities would occur from employers automating job tasks to replace more expensive human labor. The November 2021 issue of Page One Economics® explains how a higher mandated wage may lead some firms to substitute capital for labor.

The peripheral nervous system found in most domestic species can be segregated into three sub-systems; the sensory system, the somatic motor system and the autonomic system. The autonomic nervous system (ANS) regulates the internal environment of the body including factors such as body temperature, blood pressure and concentrations of many substances. The ANS is also responsible for mobilising the body's resources during stressful situations. The ANS controls gland cells, cardiac muscle cells and smooth muscle cells. Control of this nervous system is involuntary and regulation is via autonomic reflexes. The autonomic reflex arc system is very similar to that of the somatic motor system, i.e. there are sensory (afferent) nerve fibres, an information integration centre, motor (efferent) fibres and effector cells. Any levels of increased activity within the autonomic nervous system can result in both stimulation or inhibition of effector cells, although it is only the efferent part of the reflex arc that is actually considered autonomic.