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By the end of this section, you will be able to:Describe how the structures of the lungs and thoracic cavity control the mechanics of breathingExplain the importance of compliance and resistance in the lungsDiscuss problems that may arise due to a V/Q mismatch

Edited for Human Breathing OnlyBy the end of this section, you will be able to:Describe how the structures of the lungs and thoracic cavity control the mechanics of breathingExplain the importance of compliance and resistance in the lungsDiscuss problems that may arise due to a V/Q mismatch

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Mechanical ventilation is a tricky balancing act. Ventilators involve many different settings, and a change to one nearly always causes shifts in others. This interdependence makes it difficult to pinpoint what parameters might contribute to lung injury. And this ambiguity extends to positive end-expiratory pressure, or PEEP. Although many believe that PEEP protects against ventilation-induced lung injury, a new report in the journal Anesthesiology argues that PEEP is also a source of risk. According to the report, this dual nature is the result PEEP’s key role in mechanical power. The concept of mechanical power serves to provide a unified overview of how different ventilator settings relate to the risk for ventilator-induced lung injury. In essence, mechanical power describes the intensity of energy delivered to the respiratory system during ventilation. The sum of this energy depends on everything from tidal volume to respiratory rate..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"For patients in need of breathing assistance, mechanical ventilation can save lives. But it can also worsen or even initiate lung injury, which could prove fatal. Although excess tidal volume is associated with ventilator-induced lung injury, no prior reports address the effects produced by the combination of tidal volume and mechanical power – the energy transferred from a ventilator to the lungs as a function of time. To answer this question, an international research team looked at varying combinations of tidal volume, respiratory rate, and mechanical power to determine how each contributes to injury. Their results suggest that mechanical power plays a larger role than previously thought. The team randomized 32 Wistar rats with experimental mild acute respiratory distress syndrome to receive either low- or high-power mechanical ventilation, in combination with low or high tidal volume. In the low-power groups, the respiratory rate was adjusted to maintain normocapnia..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.