Anatomy and Physiology is a dynamic textbook for the two-semester human anatomy and physiology course for life science and allied health majors. The book is organized by body system and covers standard scope and sequence requirements. Its lucid text, strategically constructed art, career features, and links to external learning tools address the critical teaching and learning challenges in the course. The web-based version of Anatomy and Physiology also features links to surgical videos, histology, and interactive diagrams.

Biology is designed for multi-semester biology courses for science majors. It is grounded on an evolutionary basis and includes exciting features that highlight careers in the biological sciences and everyday applications of the concepts at hand. To meet the needs of today’s instructors and students, some content has been strategically condensed while maintaining the overall scope and coverage of traditional texts for this course. Instructors can customize the book, adapting it to the approach that works best in their classroom. Biology also includes an innovative art program that incorporates critical thinking and clicker questions to help students understand—and apply—key concepts.

By the end of this section, you will be able to:Explain fetal development during the three trimesters of gestationDescribe labor and deliveryCompare the efficacy and duration of various types of contraceptionDiscuss causes of infertility and the therapeutic options available

In this lesson students will learn about some common birth defects.  Students will sign up for a topic they want to learn more about.  Students will prepare a slide presentation to share with the class.  Students will define the birth defects in their notes.  A matching worksheet is provided to help students review.

Brain development can be damaged by environmental chemicals.
Philippe Grandjean, University of Southern Denmark and Harvard School of Public Health, explains the erroneous assumptions made over time about this. Studies from Faroe Islands, where people have been exposed to toxic agents, shows how this affects brains of children and their IQ levels.

A presentation with Professor Philippe Grandjean about the dangers of chemical interference with the developing brain. This presentation, “Children’s health - Risks to brain development from exposure to environmental chemicals”, presented on 6th November, 2019, meeting of the French High Council for Public Health (Haut Conseil de la Santé Publique, HCSP), at the Ministry for Solidarity and Health in Paris.

An Interactive Guide to the Theory and Evidence of Practice

Short Description:
The re-emergence of midwifery as a primary health care profession is one of the great stories of Canadian health care systems, but this story has been largely undocumented. This invaluable interactive e-book details the history and philosophy of midwifery, how current midwifery theory and policies are developed, and the role of education and research in advancing the field. We include a special focus on the social determinants of women’s health throughout Canada and the world, the principle of health care as a human right, and the principles and scope of midwifery practice. A must-read for Canadian student midwives and others interested in midwifery.

Long Description:
The re-emergence of midwifery as a primary health care profession is one of the great stories of Canadian health care systems, but this story has been largely undocumented. This comprehensive e-book details the history and philosophy of midwifery, how current midwifery theory and policies are developed, and the role of education and research in advancing the field. We include a special focus on the social determinants of women’s health throughout Canada and the world, the principle of health care as a human right, and the principles and scope of midwifery practice. A must-read for Canadian student midwives and others interested in midwifery.

Unit 1 discusses the history and philosophy of Midwifery, and how the profession now works within health care systems in Canada and internationally. It also outlines midwifery’s role in developing government policies for their practice and clients, with particular attention given to disparities in health care access, and midwifery’s role in ensuring appropriate health care is accessible to all.

Unit 2 addresses the midwife’s role in a clinical setting as a primary care giver including scope of practice, competency, and organizations that regulate midwifery practice. Particular emphasis is placed on developing the practitioner-client relationship through respect, empathy, and awareness of social barriers to healthcare.

Unit 3 focuses on the midwife’s role as an educator both in the academic setting with student midwives and in the clinical setting working with clients. It discusses the development of curricula for midwifery students and current approaches to parenthood education for clients.

Unit 4 covers the importance of evidence-based practice and producing knowledge through midwifery research, with emphasis on the importance of midwives contributing to research in their field, and how to participate.

Word Count: 98738

ISBN: ISBN 978-1-927565-15-5

(Note: This resource's metadata has been created automatically by reformatting and/or combining the information that the author initially provided as part of a bulk import process.)

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Trophoblast cell invasion is tightly controlled during pregnancy, but aberrant invasion is associated with placental diseases such as preeclampsia. The protein EGF is known to exert a proinvasive effect on trophoblast cells through its receptor, EGFR, but the mechanism remains unclear. To learn more, researchers recently conducted in vitro studies on a human trophoblast cell line treated with EGF. They found that EGF reduced the expression and secretion of KISS1, a gene encoding the tumor metastasis-suppressing protein kisspeptin by activating the EGFR-mediated PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. EGF also downregulated ID3 expression, an effect that was required for EGF-mediated KISS1 suppression. Functional assays confirmed that EGF-induced KISS1 downregulation stimulated human trophoblast cell invasion and analyses of clinical samples revealed that patients with preeclampsia (PE) had reduced serum EGF levels and increased serum and placental KISS1 levels..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This programme consists of notes and demonstration videos that explain how to examine a near-term, pregnant woman. In the course of the programme, the learner will encounter the terms used to describe the relationship of the fetus to the mother's anatomy, and they will be expect to interpret and describe the findings of an examination on video, using these terms.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Recurrent pregnancy loss – two or more losses before 24 weeks of pregnancy – affects 1-2% of pregnant women. Although some factors have been identified, in most cases the cause is unclear. Researchers are focusing on the critical balance between immune cells and the developing embryo at the maternal-fetal interface. Decidual natural killer (dNK) cells, immune cells in the uterus, must use inflammation to promote the formation of the placenta’s blood supply while also maintaining immune tolerance to prevent damaging the embryo. This delicate balance requires another cell type – trophoblasts, embryonic cells that develop into the placenta. Recently, researchers examining trophoblast-dNK crosstalk found that one important pathway was affected in patients experiencing recurrent pregnancy loss. Autophagy regulates degradation of damaged cells, clearing the way for healthy cells to form tissue..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Fetal cell-derived exosomes are known to induce inflammatory changes in maternal decidual and myometrial cells to signal parturition. However, maternal cell-derived exosomes and their effects on fetal cells are not well understood. To learn more, researchers recently characterized exosomes from decidual and myometrial cells grown under normal or oxidative stress/inflammatory conditions and assessed these exosomes’ impacts on fetal amnion epithelial cells (AECs) and chorion trophoblast cells (CTCs). The exosomes from both maternal cell types were round and expressed exosome markers. Neither exosome size nor quantity differed between the control group and the groups treated with cigarette smoke extract (CSE) or TNF-α. Numerous proteins were common to all kinds of exosomes, while others were associated with exosomes from a specific cell type or treatment group. Compared with control exosomes, exosomes from exposed maternal cells increased the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines from fetal cells..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small membrane-bound particles that facilitate communication between cells. They do this by carrying cargo such as proteins, microRNAs, and other signaling molecules between cells. EVs come in a variety of sizes, the smallest of which are called exosomes. Many essential physiological functions are mediated by EVs, including pregnancy. The umbilical cord, placenta, amniotic fluid, and amniotic membranes can all release exosomes. Exosomes play roles in egg implantation, embryo formation, and fetal-maternal communication and can even influence both male and female fertility. Angiogenesis — or the formation of new blood vessels — during pregnancy is also largely regulated by exosomes. The contents of exosomes influence pregnancy-related disorders including gestational diabetes mellitus, preterm birth, and fetal growth restriction..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Increased blood flow to the uterus during pregnancy is essential to the health of both mother and baby But the cellular processes that promote blood flow during pregnancy aren’t fully understood Now, researchers have discovered that fat surrounding blood vessels in the uterus plays a key role In pregnant rats, uterine blood flow was up to 3 times higher than in non-pregnant rats But blood flow plummeted when fat tissue was removed from the uterus of pregnant rats Interestingly, tests on isolated vessels demonstrated that fat tissue-shrinking factors could be at play which seems counterintuitive because narrow vessels generally mean low blood flow One explanation is that isolating tissue from its natural surroundings could produce changes not observed in a live animal Future studies will explore this apparent contradiction and hopefully reveal the role of fat tissue in human pregnancy Osikoya et al..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"During pregnancy, the placenta acts as a critical bridge between mother and child, providing oxygen and nutrients to the developing baby. One important process in placenta formation is “invasion” of the mother’s blood supply by placental cells called extravillous trophoblasts (EVTs). This process is promoted by the enzyme MMP2, whose expression is upregulated by the protein GDF-8, but the exact mechanism is unclear. To learn more, researchers recently examined GDF-8, MMP2, and cell invasion in human EVTs in vitro. They found that treatment with GDF-8 indeed stimulated MMP2 expression in the cells. This effect was blocked by an inhibitor of TGF-β type I receptors, indicating that the TGF-β pathway was involved. Further investigation revealed that the TGF-β signaling proteins Snail and Slug were also upregulated by GDF-8. However, silencing Snail and Slug expression individually showed that only Snail was required for GDF-8-mediated MMP2 stimulation..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This course draws on different disciplines, conceptual frameworks, and methodological approaches to examine gender in relation to health, including public health practice, epidemiologic research, health policy, and clinical application. It discusses a variety of health-related issues that illustrate global, international, domestic, and historical perspectives, while considering other social determinants of health as well, including social class and race.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) sequencing has been helpful in diagnosing infectious disease. It allows a pathologist to unbiasly search for all pathogens in a sample instead of culturing for specific ones. However, the presence of contaminant DNA and misidentification of microbes are possible, leading to false-positive diagnoses when using this highly sensitive diagnostic method. A recent study describes a new bioinformatics platform called Low Biomass Background Correction, or LBBC, which searches for and helps remove contaminant DNA from cfDNA samples. In a urinary tract infection screen, LBBC reduced the false positive rate while minimally affecting the true positive rate. And among pregnant women, it allowed researchers to generate a new cfDNA dataset for amniotic fluids. That could help clinicians identify intra-amniotic infection more easily while supporting the view that amniotic fluid is sterile during normal pregnancy..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.