This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"When patients undergo general anesthesia, there’s a shift in the distribution of ventilation and perfusion throughout the lung, with more areas of the lung getting too much air, relative to the amount of blood flow, and others getting too little. This type of scatter is traditionally described by Riley’s three-compartment model, in which high-ratio lung regions getting less blood flow produce increases in the alveolar deadspace. But new work published in the journal Anesthesiology shows that this model fails to account for different blood solubilities of various anesthetics -- and shows how multicompartment models better predict what is happening in the lungs. The researchers extended an earlier study in anesthetized patients that found that partial pressure measurements of inhaled anesthetic in the lungs did not match those made for carbon dioxide -- and were inconsistent with the three-compartment theory..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

Biology is designed for multi-semester biology courses for science majors. It is grounded on an evolutionary basis and includes exciting features that highlight careers in the biological sciences and everyday applications of the concepts at hand. To meet the needs of today’s instructors and students, some content has been strategically condensed while maintaining the overall scope and coverage of traditional texts for this course. Instructors can customize the book, adapting it to the approach that works best in their classroom. Biology also includes an innovative art program that incorporates critical thinking and clicker questions to help students understand—and apply—key concepts.

By the end of this section, you will be able to:Name and describe lung volumes and capacitiesUnderstand how gas pressure influences how gases move into and out of the body

Students are introduced to the respiratory system, the lungs and air. They learn about how the lungs and diaphragm work, how air pollution affects lungs and respiratory functions, some widespread respiratory problems, and how engineers help us stay healthy by designing machines and medicines that support respiratory health and function.

The air in the alveoli is renewed regularly, thanks to the ventilation process. Gas exchange in the lungs takes place between the blood in the capillary network surrounding the alveoli, and the air in the alveoli itself.

Revised for Human Gas Exchange and simplified somewhat.By the end of this section, you will be able to:Name and describe lung volumes and capacitiesUnderstand how gas pressure influences how gases move into and out of the body

This text been designed for an undergraduate human anatomy and physiology course at a medium sized public university. This text has been modified from the original OpenStax text to encourage more active reading for an early undergraduate student taking the first semester of a year-long human anatomy and physiology course sequence. This text has been targeted to our student population, consisting primarily of first semester pre-nursing and kinesiology majors at a university with a high proportion of first generation and PELL-eligible students who benefit from lower barriers to entry into the field. Therefore, freely-available and differently presented text can be beneficial to this student population. This version was designed with the intention of distributing it section by section through a learning management system. If this mode of distribution is used, connection to an assessment tool could be utilized. Systems covered include skeletal, muscular, cardiovascular, respiratory, and nervous.

As this text reorganizes and modifies an OpenStax’s Anatomy and Physiology 2e (see related resources link below), chapter numbers and chapter section numbers from the original have been preserved in this document. Material supplemented from other sources is cited within the text.

Course connections: Undergraduate courses aimed towards freshmen or sophomore, including Anatomy and Physiology, Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology, Physiology, Introduction to Physiology, Human Biology or similar with a human focus.

The structure of the course is designed to have students acquire a broad understanding of the field of Marine Chemistry; to get a feel for experimental methodologies, the results that they have generated and the theoretical insights they have yielded to date.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, or ECMO, is a vital rescue therapy for patients experiencing severe cardiopulmonary failure. With ECMO, a specialized heart-lung machine re-oxygenates blood and pumps it throughout the body, bypassing the heart and lungs for extended periods. But when patients are weaned off of ECMO, there is no good way of evaluating a patient’s heart function. To solve this problem, scientists at the University of Bern in Switzerland adapted a thermodilution technique. Publishing in Anesthesiology, the researchers report that when using the novel method on pigs, they could reliably estimate the output and function of the right ventricle. In thermodilution, bursts of cold saline are injected into the heart, and the resulting temperature changes can be tracked to estimate cardiac output..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

Blood circles through the heart, which pumps it to the lungs where it picks up oxygen - this is the pulmonary circulation. This resources tracks the route of blood through the heart and lungs and provides illustrated diagrams and assessment tools.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Mechanical ventilation is a tricky balancing act. Ventilators involve many different settings, and a change to one nearly always causes shifts in others. This interdependence makes it difficult to pinpoint what parameters might contribute to lung injury. And this ambiguity extends to positive end-expiratory pressure, or PEEP. Although many believe that PEEP protects against ventilation-induced lung injury, a new report in the journal Anesthesiology argues that PEEP is also a source of risk. According to the report, this dual nature is the result PEEP’s key role in mechanical power. The concept of mechanical power serves to provide a unified overview of how different ventilator settings relate to the risk for ventilator-induced lung injury. In essence, mechanical power describes the intensity of energy delivered to the respiratory system during ventilation. The sum of this energy depends on everything from tidal volume to respiratory rate..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.