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Academic Research in the 21st Century: Maintaining Scientific Integrity in a Climate of Perverse Incentives and Hypercompetition
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Over the last 50 years, we argue that incentives for academic scientists have become increasingly perverse in terms of competition for research funding, development of quantitative metrics to measure performance, and a changing business model for higher education itself. Furthermore, decreased discretionary funding at the federal and state level is creating a hypercompetitive environment between government agencies (e.g., EPA, NIH, CDC), for scientists in these agencies, and for academics seeking funding from all sources—the combination of perverse incentives and decreased funding increases pressures that can lead to unethical behavior. If a critical mass of scientists become untrustworthy, a tipping point is possible in which the scientific enterprise itself becomes inherently corrupt and public trust is lost, risking a new dark age with devastating consequences to humanity. Academia and federal agencies should better support science as a public good, and incentivize altruistic and ethical outcomes, while de-emphasizing output.

Subject:
Education
Higher Education
Material Type:
Reading
Author:
Marc A. Edwards
Siddhartha Roy
Date Added:
08/08/2020
Digital Literacy Lesson Plan
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CC BY-NC-SA
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Hyperdoc playlist of activities for digital literacy lesson. Teacher will need to populate the "Guided Practice" section with updated links to current events. Check out The Sift from the News Literacy Project to get ides.

Subject:
English Language Arts
Reading Informational Text
Material Type:
Homework/Assignment
Interactive
Lesson
Lesson Plan
Author:
Crystal Hurt
Date Added:
06/19/2018
Game Theory for Strategic Advantage
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CC BY-NC-SA
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This course develops and applies principles of game theory relevant to managers’ strategic decisions. Topics include how to reason about strategies and opponents; strategic commitment, reputation, and “irrational” actions; brinkmanship and negotiation; auctions; and the design of markets and contests. Applications to a variety of business decisions that arise in different industries, both within and outside the firm.

Subject:
Business and Communication
Economics
Management
Social Science
Material Type:
Full Course
Provider Set:
MIT OpenCourseWare
Author:
Bonatti, Alessandro
Date Added:
02/01/2015
Media Construction of Global Warming
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CC BY-NC-ND
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Lessons teach core knowledge about the science of climate change, explore conflicting views, and integrate critical thinking skills. Students will apply knowledge of climate change to a rigorous analysis of media messages through asking and answering questions about accuracy, currency, credibility, sourcing, and bias. Lessons address basic climate science, the causes of climate change, scientific debate and disinformation, the consequences of global warming, the precautionary principle, carbon footprints, moral choices, and the history of global warming in media, science, and politics.

Subject:
Applied Science
Environmental Science
Material Type:
Activity/Lab
Diagram/Illustration
Homework/Assignment
Lesson Plan
Reading
Teaching/Learning Strategy
Unit of Study
Provider:
Ithaca College
Provider Set:
Project Look Sharp
Author:
Alexander Papouchis
Chris Sperry
Dan Flerlage
Date Added:
04/30/2013
Media Construction of the Middle East
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CC BY-NC-ND
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This kit covers stereotyping of Arab people, the Arab/Israeli conflict, the war in Iraq and militant Muslim movements. Students will learn core information and vocabulary about the historical and contemporary Middle East issues that challenge stereotypical, simplistic and uninformed thinking, and political and ethical issues involving the role of media in constructing knowledge, evaluating historical truths, and objectivity and subjectivity in journalism.

Subject:
Arts and Humanities
Business and Communication
Journalism
World Cultures
Material Type:
Activity/Lab
Homework/Assignment
Lesson Plan
Reading
Teaching/Learning Strategy
Unit of Study
Provider:
Ithaca College
Provider Set:
Project Look Sharp
Author:
Sox Sperry & Chris Sperry
Date Added:
04/30/2013
Media Constructions of Martin Luther King, Jr.
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CC BY-NC-ND
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This kit explores the ways in which King and his legacy have been portrayed in various media forms. The first lesson follows a chronology of King's life through interactive decoding of rich media documents (comic books, billboards, songs, music videos, etc.). The following lessons use excerpts of Dr. King's speeches from 1963, 1967 and 1968 to examine his views on social change; explore the portrayal of King in magazine covers, advertisements, Web sites, film clips and monuments; and use letters to the editor about celebrating King to explore challenges to change.

Subject:
Arts and Humanities
Material Type:
Activity/Lab
Diagram/Illustration
Homework/Assignment
Lesson Plan
Reading
Teaching/Learning Strategy
Unit of Study
Provider:
Ithaca College
Provider Set:
Project Look Sharp
Author:
Andrea Volckmar
Barry Derfel
Chris
Christopher Carey
Cyndy Scheibe
Eric Acree
Faith Rogow
Kim Fontana
Lauren Trichon
Moira Lang
Robin Rosoff
Sox Sperry
Sperry
Tanya Saunders
Date Added:
04/30/2013
Source Evaluation Using a Facebook Fight
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CC BY-NC-SA
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This activity walks through a real life Facebook Fight and walks through some processes of source evaluation. Using a familiar object such as Facebook, makes the source evaluation process relatable and tangible for students.

Subject:
English Language Arts
Material Type:
Activity/Lab
Lecture
Date Added:
04/25/2018
Verifying Social Media Posts
Unrestricted Use
CC BY
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 Verifying social media posts is quickly becoming a necessary endeavor in everyday life, let alone in the world of education. Social media has moved beyond a digital world which connects with friends and family and has become a quick and easy way to access news, information, and human interest stories from around the world. As this state of media has become the "new normal," especially for our younger generations, we, educators, find ourselves charged with a new task of teaching our students how to interact with and safely consume digital information.The following three modules are designed to be used as stand-alone activities or combined as one unit, in which the lessons can be taught in any order. "Who Said What?!" is a module focusing on author verification. "A Picture is Worth a Thousand Words'' is a module devoted to image verification. "Getting the Facts Straight" is a module designed to dive into information verification. Lastly, there are assessment suggestions to be utilized after completing all three modules.

Subject:
Cultural Geography
Journalism
Political Science
Reading Informational Text
Sociology
U.S. History
World History
Material Type:
Activity/Lab
Author:
Kylie Warford
Date Added:
11/19/2021
Verifying Social Media Posts
Unrestricted Use
CC BY
Rating
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 Verifying social media posts is quickly becoming a necessary endeavor in everyday life, let alone in the world of education. Social media has moved beyond a digital world which connects with friends and family and has become a quick and easy way to access news, information, and human interest stories from around the world. As this state of media has become the "new normal," especially for our younger generations, we, educators, find ourselves charged with a new task of teaching our students how to interact with and safely consume digital information.The following three modules are designed to be used as stand-alone activities or combined as one unit, in which the lessons can be taught in any order. "Who Said What?!" is a module focusing on author verification. "A Picture is Worth a Thousand Words'' is a module devoted to image verification. "Getting the Facts Straight" is a module designed to dive into information verification. Lastly, there are assessment suggestions to be utilized after completing all three modules.

Subject:
Cultural Geography
Journalism
Political Science
Reading Informational Text
Sociology
U.S. History
World History
Material Type:
Activity/Lab
Assessment
Diagram/Illustration
Homework/Assignment
Lesson
Lesson Plan
Module
Unit of Study
Author:
Sandra Stroup
Amanda Schneider
Megan Shinn
Date Added:
11/04/2020
Why Too Many Political Science Findings Cannot Be Trusted and What We Can Do About It: A Review of Meta-Scientific Research and a Call for Academic Reform
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Witnessing the ongoing “credibility revolutions” in other disciplines, political science should also engage in meta-scientific introspection. Theoretically, this commentary describes why scientists in academia’s current incentive system work against their self-interest if they prioritize research credibility. Empirically, a comprehensive review of meta-scientific research with a focus on quantitative political science demonstrates that threats to the credibility of political science findings are systematic and real. Yet, the review also shows the discipline’s recent progress toward more credible research. The commentary proposes specific institutional changes to better align individual researcher rationality with the collective good of verifiable, robust, and valid scientific results.

Subject:
Political Science
Social Science
Material Type:
Reading
Author:
Alexander Wuttke
Date Added:
08/08/2020
Wonder #73: Why is Pluto No Longer a Planet?
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CC BY-NC-ND
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In this lesson, students will hone their investigative skills and form an opinion based on the credible evidence that they uncover. After learning about the decision to deem Pluto a "dwarf planet," students will have time for individual investigation. After using their background knowledge to choose credible sources, they will analyze the information they gather to form their own opinion, which they will support in a video response to a prompt on Flipgrid.

Subject:
Astronomy
Reading Informational Text
Speaking and Listening
Material Type:
Lesson Plan
Author:
Amanda Free
Date Added:
11/22/2019