The purpose of this lesson is to expand the student´s knowledge about diabetes.
The world experience an epidemic of type 2 diabetes, especially in low and middle-income countries. Diabetes is no longer a disease of high-income countries and urban cities but impact upon rural populations and the poorest segments of the population.
Participants: Professor Venkat Narayan.

This session will expand the student´s knowledge about human health and quality of life in the context of global and local ecology. Examples will be provided on how environmental management and development influence human health. The session provide an overview of the disease burden attributable to the environment, and much of this burden is placed across different geographical regions of the world. Examples will be presented on the impacts of poor quality water, insufficient access to water, lack of appropriate sanitation and poor personal hygiene. Other examples of environmental health factors included relate to reduced forest cover, unsustainable agricultural production systems, climate change, and poor management of natural resources that significantly influence livelihood, food security and migration patterns.

This presentation discusses how the political instability has an impact on health care services. It focuses upon a period in Uganda where the government health facilities were neglected resulting in the lack of adequate health care provision and access to medicines. Following the instability in the country, the development and management of its health care services was highly dependent on funding from external donors and significant international influence on national services, including health care programs.
Participants: Professor Susan Whyte.

The session argues for why the three main resources that humanity needs for its survival on this planet are land / soil, water resources and air. In addition, how degradation of such resources places limits health and to the quality of life for the affected human population.
Participants: Senior adviser (IWA) Robert Ros

This lesson discusses and explains why mental health is difficult to define using international terminology. It also introduces why there is a much higher burden of disease linked with mental disorders in Europe compared to, for example, Africa. The session discussed why there is a different spending on mental health treatment in developing countries compared to western countries.
Participants: Dr. Matt Muijen.

This lesson focuses on the impact of limited sanitation coverage and the experiences gained from past sanitation programs. Some of the challenges of expanded sanitation relate to barriers at the community level but equally important at the institutional and policy levels. The most basic problem is that there are limited funds available for investment in sanitation. It is argued that the most important priority will be to design and promote toilets that people can afford and in a design that they would use.
Participants: Professor Sandy Cairncros.

This video introduce the student to the UNFPA, its role as global health organization and provides concrete examples of the type of work undertaken by UNFPA. A particular emphasis upon modalities in support of government institutions. One of the most important mandates of UNFPA relate to ensure that people have access to appropriate family planning. This is supported by ensuring that communities have access to a broad range of contraceptives to meet the various needs of different people.
Participants: Chief, Procurement Services Branch, UNFPA Eric Dupont

In this presentation, we discuss how tourism in Zanzibar may add to the number of mosquito breeding places and thus increase the use of chemical insecticides, which is a major environmental strain to Zanzibar. Furthermore, we will discuss how mosquitoes become resistance to the insecticides and how tourism affect this resistance development.

You might also listen to this related podcast-series about Zanzibar- Paradise under Pressure, about sustainable tourism: https://paradis-under-pres.simplecast.com/

This presentation introduces the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), and discuss why development of sustainable tourism has become part of the global agenda. In continuation of this, we will discuss the global trends in tourism.

In this presentation, we will discuss the impacts of tourism on marine environment in Zanzibar. In continuation of this, we will discuss sustainable development challenges regarding small island environments. Among challenges are rapid growing populations, a constantly rising number of tourists, limited freshwater resources, and fragile marine ecosystem.

This presentation introduces the term “death by tourism” and discuss’ the impact of uncontrolled tourism on local communities. In continuation of this, we will discuss the importance of Certification of Sustainable Tourism and introduce the three types of Sustainability Certification schemes.

In this presentation, we will discuss how saltwater intrusion affects small islands freshwater supplies, and how tourism is a significant part of this. In Zanzibar fresh water for drinking and other purposes come from rain that replenishes the island’s groundwater reservoir and in many cases freshwater is a scarce resource. On top of this, the excessive pumping in groundwater for the tourist industry increases the risk of salt water seeping into the freshwater magazine from the sea, thereby destroying the freshwater resource.

In this presentation, we will discuss how poor waste management affects the tourism negatively in Zanzibar. Unsustainable solid waste management in Zanzibar impacts the local environment, has adverse effect on communities and generate negative reviews from tourist, which is a major threat to tourism in Zanzibar and hence their economic resources.

In this presentation, we will discuss how tourism affects different local communities, including Zanzibar. A study from Zanzibar published in 2015 found that only 20 percent of the GDP generated by tourism occurred to local communities, so it seems possible to develop forms of tourism with greater benefits to the population of Zanzibar, including local population.

In this presentation, we will introduce the threats of growing tourism and discuss what countries can and should do to prevent these threats. Tourism has become one of the fastest growing economic sectors in the world, offering millions of jobs and lucrative opportunities for investment. However, the environmental and natural resources are under great pressure from tourism, which has consequences for both the health and the well-being of the local population.

In this presentation we focus’ on how tourism is a major generator of solid waste in Zanzibar. Tourist from OECD countries bring with them the lifestyle that replicate the waste generation from their native country, not only the volume of waste follows the tourist but also the composition. In Zanzibar, the composition is 80 percent organic material, but in OECD countries, the composition is only 25 to 30 percent organic material. This leaves Zanzibar’s traditional organic based waste handling system unable to handle the tourism waste.

In this presentation we will discuss how tourism affects the daily water use in Zanzibar and how a significant water consumption, has the potential of undermining the sustainability of the tourist sector in Zanzibar. Zanzibar has a great water disparity with 15 times higher daily water use per tourist compared with local residents.

This presentation introduces the International Year for Sustainable Tourism for Development (2017). In continuation of this, we will present and discuss data from the World Tourism Organization.

In this presentation, we will discuss how tourism development affects the coral reefs and in continuation of this, we will examine the Crown-of-Thorn Starfish invasion around Zanzibar. Reefs sustain human society, such as fishermen's livelihood and they are also a key asset for the tourist industry. However, the reefs are also under pressure from a range of human induced stresses, including the expanding tourism.

In this presentation, we will discuss what happens to low-income countries like Zanzibar, when tourists arrive and continue their western lifestyle in a tropical setting with scare resources. We will among other focus on the wastewater generated, the consequences of water use and the tons of solid waste generated by the tourists.