How do microwaves heat up your coffee? Adjust the frequency and amplitude of microwaves. Watch water molecules rotating and bouncing around. View the microwave field as a wave, a single line of vectors, or the entire field.

Students learn about the advantages and disadvantages of the greenhouse effect. They construct their own miniature greenhouses and explore how their designs take advantage of heat transfer processes to create controlled environments. They record and graph measurements, comparing the greenhouse indoor and outdoor temperatures over time. Students are also introduced to global issues such as greenhouse gas emissions and their relationship to global warming.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Since the dawn of space exploration, we have been fascinated by the survivability of terrestrial life in outer space. Outer space is a hostile environment for any form of life, but some extraordinarily resilient bacteria can survive. Despite galactic cosmic and solar UV radiation, extreme vacuum conditions, temperature fluctuations, desiccation, freezing, and microgravity, the extremophilic bacterium Deinococcus radiodurans withstands the drastic influence of outer space. A recent study examined the molecular effects of space on this unique microbe. After one year of exposure to low Earth orbit outside the International Space Station during the Tanpopo mission, researchers found that D. radiodurans escaped morphological damage, forming numerous outer-membrane vesicles..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

Produce light by bombarding atoms with electrons. See how the characteristic spectra of different elements are produced, and configure your own element's energy states to produce light of different colors.

This short course provides an introduction to reactor dynamics including subcritical multiplication, critical operation in absence of thermal feedback effects and effects of Xenon, fuel and moderator temperature, etc. Topics include the derivation of point kinetics and dynamic period equations; techniques for reactor control including signal validation, supervisory algorithms, model-based trajectory tracking, and rule-based control; and an overview of light-water reactor startup. Lectures and demonstrations employ computer simulation and the use of the MIT Research Reactor.
This course is offered during the Independent Activities Period (IAP), which is a special 4-week term at MIT that runs from the first week of January until the end of the month.

This module is designed for postsecondary instruction.  The intention is to give an understanding of radiation safety from an occupational use standpoint.  It will aid the participant in gaining a comprehensive understanding of the principles and practices of occupational safety.  By the end of the lesson, the learner should be equipped to identify potential hazards, implement safety measures, and ensure compliance with relevant regulations to protect workers against the harmful effects of radiation.  This is one part of a unit that is being written on physical agent safety.

Explore an active area of research in optical physics: producing designer pulse shapes to achieve specific purposes, such as breaking apart a molecule. Carefully create the perfect shaped pulse to break apart a molecule by individually manipulating the colors of light that make up a pulse.

Developed within Northwest Educational Service District's 2019-20 ClimeTime climate science teacher education proviso grant, this workshop is an opportunity for teachers to gain a better understanding of the physics that drive the climate system and the ocean circulation as well as the implications of a changing climate.

This course is an opportunity for teachers to gain a better understanding of the physics that drive the climate system and the ocean circulation as well as the implications of a changing climate.

The first module encompasses Earth’s radiation balance and the transfer of energy.

The second gives an overview of the ocean circulation, which accomplishes energy (heat) transport. There will be a demo to illustrate the importance of density in the circulation and the vertical structure of the ocean.

The third module discusses the greenhouse effect and global climate change, along with how ocean circulation impacts climate and how a changing climate might impact the ocean circulation.

Lastly, we demo a simple climate model coded in Excel that predicts global mean temperature change.

Starting from Max Planck’s law of black body radiation to Einstein's photoelectric effect this first part of the Mini Lecture "Quantum Mechanics" introduces to the beginnings of quantum physics.

Radiation is natural and all around us. It can be man-made too. But it's nothing new. It is, quite simply, part of our lives. RadTown USA is a virtual community showing a wide variety of radiation sources and uses as you may encounter them in everyday life. Explore this interactive, virtual community of houses, schools, laser light shows, construction equipment, flying planes, and moving trains. Each place in RadTown helps you learn about radiation sources or radiation- treated items you might find there.

How does energy flow in and out of our atmosphere? Explore how solar and infrared radiation enters and exits the atmosphere with an interactive model. Control the amounts of carbon dioxide and clouds present in the model and learn how these factors can influence global temperature. Record results using snapshots of the model in the virtual lab notebook where you can annotate your observations.

The electric field lines from a point charge evolve in time as the charge moves. Watch radiation propagate outward at the speed of light as you wiggle the charge. Stop a moving charge to see bremsstrahlung (braking) radiation. Explore the radiation patterns as the charge moves with sinusoidal, circular, or linear motion. You can move the charge any way you like, as long as you don���������t exceed the speed of light.

Radiation Oncology is a rapidly changing field with new advances being made daily. As a consequence, any textbook becomes out-of-date almost immediately after it is published. Thus, the WikiBook format is ideal for a textbook of radiation oncology, as updates can be made constantly as new information becomes available.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Radiation therapy is a powerful way to kill cancer cells or slow their growth, but radiation can have unintended effects on surrounding cells. In a new study, researchers report that X-rays could actually help cancer cells gain a foothold in otherwise healthy tissue. The team blasted breast cancer cells cultured in the lab with different doses of X-rays. The cells released a cocktail of molecules in response including VEGF-A, a protein that triggers blood vessel formation. The team then transferred that molecular cocktail to healthy endothelial cells. Over time, those healthy cells showed a significantly enhanced ability to form the building blocks of blood vessels. This so-called “bystander effect” points to one way that cancer cells can cling to life even when zapped with radiation, and although the results are constrained to cells cultured in the lab, they could help inform researchers on how radiation therapy might do more harm than good..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

Broadcast radio waves from KPhET. Wiggle the transmitter electron manually or have it oscillate automatically. Display the field as a curve or vectors. The strip chart shows the electron positions at the transmitter and at the receiver.

Broadcast radio waves from KPhET. Wiggle the transmitter electron manually or have it oscillate automatically. Display the field as a curve or vectors. The strip chart shows the electron positions at the transmitter and at the receiver.

Learn about different types of radiometric dating, such as carbon dating. Understand how decay and half life work to enable radiometric dating to work. Play a game that tests your ability to match the percentage of the dating element that remains to the age of the object.

In Save the Penguins, the broad context is global climate change. Students learn that the energy we use to heat and cool our houses comes from power plants, most of which use fossil fuels to convert chemical energy to electrical energy. The burning of fossil fuels has been linked to increased levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, which in turn has been linked to increases in global temperature. This change in temperature has widespread effects upon life on Earth. Penguins live in the southern hemisphere, primarily on the icy continent of Antarctica. As the Earth warms and ice melts, penguins lose habitat. Therefore, students see that better-designed houses that use less energy for heating and cooling can have an effect on penguins. Energy efficient houses that
minimize unnecessary heat transfer will draw less electricity from the fossil fuel burning power plants and not contribute as much to global climate change.

In Save the Penguins, the broad context is global climate change. Students learn that the energy we use to heat and cool our houses comes from power plants, most of which use fossil fuels to convert chemical energy to electrical energy. The burning of fossil fuels has been linked to increased levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, which in turn has been linked to increases in global temperature. This change in temperature has widespread effects upon life on Earth. Penguins live in the southern hemisphere, primarily on the icy continent of Antarctica. As the Earth warms and ice melts, penguins lose habitat. Therefore, students see that better-designed houses that use less energy for heating and cooling can have an effect on penguins. Energy efficient houses that
minimize unnecessary heat transfer will draw less electricity from the fossil fuel burning power plants and not contribute as much to global climate change.

This article describes the energy that radiates from the sun, the concept of albedo, Earth's radiation budget, and the effect of decreasing albedo on Earth's climate.