Review of Drugs, the Brain, and Behavior: The pharmacology of drug use disorders
https://drive.google.com/open?id=1LXzzXUrCtLkHt262RvdgQL-wQ83KCD3iwKsheQgneWU

Long Description:
Funding for this project has been generously provided by Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC).

Word Count: 2917

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The video demonstrates the setting up of the isolated tissue/organ bath. It identifies the components of the equipment and describes the functions of each. This procedure also shows adjustments, suitable for related isolated tissue preparations.This series is complementary to the video Setting Up the Harvard Kymograph.This module has been internally reviewed by a cross-disciplinary committee within KNUST prior to releasing as an Open Educational Resource.

The Harvard Kymograph with stimulator is a piece of equipment that enables the recording of contractions of muscles from isolated issue preparations. In order to obtain the best results, suitable adjustment for the preparations should be made. This video demonstrates all possible adjustments that can be made for the best results. The apparatus also enables the worker to treat an isolated tissue preparation with drugs and to record some form of biological activity.This module has been internally reviewed by a cross-disciplinary committee within KNUST prior to releasing as an Open Educational Resource.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Researchers working in Australia have uncovered why highly similar drugs sometimes produce very different responses. Understanding these variations is key to developing drugs with a strong therapeutic effect and minimal side effects. Generally, drugs work by interacting with specific proteins - known as receptors – on the surfaces of cells. These interactions cause changes in cell signaling that allow the body to respond to medicine. The overall goal of drug design is to create molecules that bind to specific receptors to cause distinct changes in cells. But molecules designed to bind to the same receptor can affect cells in unexpected ways. These unintended effects can result from biased agonism. This occurs when drugs designed to target the same receptor end up binding to the receptor at slightly different positions, causing activation of unique signaling pathways. This bias offers a potential therapeutic advantage by allowing preferential activation of beneficial versus harmful cellular responses..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

Strychnine is the principal alkaloid in nux vomica, the seeds of a tree strychnos nux vomica native to India. A toad is used in demonstrating the CNS ecitatory effect of strychnine.This module has been internally reviewed by a cross-disciplinary committee within KNUST prior to releasing as an Open Educational Resource.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Untreated portal vein thrombosis (PVT) leads to the onset or worsening of portal hypertension Anticoagulation is the mainstay of PVT treatment but its efficacy is not ideal Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPSS) can be used for portal vein recanalization after thrombosis This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated published data on the efficacy and safety of endovascular therapy in PVT The results from 399 patients showed that TIPSS placement was feasible in 95% Major complications occurred in 10%, and additional catheter‐directed thrombolysis was associated with more complications The portal vein recanalization rate was 79% at 12 months The results were limited by a small sample size, largely heterogeneous data and the use of non-controlled, retrospective cohorts This study concluded that TIPSS for PVT recanalization was highly feasible, effective, and safe Randomized trials comparing TIPSS to anticoagulation are therefore needed These future studies will guide c.."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

Survey and special topics designed for students in Brain and Cognitive Sciences. Emphasizes ethological studies of natural behavior patterns and their analysis in laboratory work, with contributions from field biology (mammology, primatology), sociobiology, and comparative psychology. Stresses human behavior but also includes major contributions from studies of other animals.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Gastric cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Treatment of metastatic gastric cancer typically aims to prolong overall survival and maximize health-related quality of life. For patients who have failed previous gastric cancer treatments, the oral, fixed-dose tablet trifluridine/tipiracil, appears to do just that. Adding tipiracil slows trifluridine metabolism, boosting the anti-cancer effect at a manageable level of drug toxicity by increasing trifluridine bioavailability in the body. Once inside the cancer cell, trifluridine inhibits cell proliferation by interfering with DNA synthesis. The pivotal phase 3 TAGS trial examined trifluridine/tipiracil’s efficacy and tolerability in previously treated patients with metastatic gastric cancer or adenocarcinoma of the gastroesophageal junction..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"To create safe and effective treatment plans, prescribing physicians and their patients must understand the effects of a medication. Clinical trials provide descriptions of those effects. But these descriptions can be complicated by the many different ways data are analyzed and interpreted in clinical trials. Specifically, [intercurrent events], events that occur after treatment initiation, can affect interpretation. How can researchers account for these events? By baking them into their research question before their study even begins. That’s the goal behind the use of estimands. An estimand is a detailed description of the [treatment effect] estimated to address a scientific question of interest. As such, estimands ensure that study objectives align with the design, conduct, and analysis of a trial. And more than one estimand can be defined for the same endpoint. To illustrate how estimands work, consider the PIONEER 1 clinical trial..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.