In this presentation we’ll translate our knowledge from genetics into clinically relevant patient stories. We’ll present case stories of translational metabolism, which means that we go from genotype to phenotype. Translational science is a multidisciplinary form of science that bridges the gap between basic science and applied science.

Course responsible: Associate Professor Signe Sørensen Torekov, MD Nicolai Wewer Albrechtsen & Professor Jens Juul Holst

In this presentation aim to increase the student’s knowledge about translational metabolism, in continuation of this we’ll elaborate on topics related to food ingestion, bone resorption, the intestinale hormone GIP, genetic variation in the receptor of GIP in relation to fracture risk, food availability and bone regulation, blood glucose and future treatment of osteoporosis.

Course responsible: Associate Professor Signe Sørensen Torekov, MD Nicolai Wewer Albrechtsen & Professor Jens Juul Holst

This presentation discuss how to treat hyperglycaemia in patients with type 2 diabetes. The cornerstone in the treatment is weight loss and increased physical activity, but most patients need pharmacological treatment from the time of diagnosis in order to control hyperglycemia. Furthermore we’ll discuss the use of all diabetic agents in patient with type 2 diabetes and how it’s important that the anti diabetic treatment is individualized.

Course responsible: Associate Professor Signe Sørensen Torekov, MD Nicolai Wewer Albrechtsen & Professor Jens Juul Holst

This presentation discuss the new antidiabetic agents. We have the incretin based therapy which include two groups of drugs, DDP-4 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonist. Furthermore we’ll provide an introduction to the hormones GLP-1 and GIP and their effect on insulin.

Course responsible: Associate Professor Signe Sørensen Torekov, MD Nicolai Wewer Albrechtsen & Professor Jens Juul Holst

This presentation focuses on the treatment of hyperglycaemia with type 2 diabetes patients. We’ll provide an introduction to exenatide, liraglutide, GLP-1 receptor antagonist, combination therapy, DPP-4 inhibitor, pancreatic safety of incretin-based drugs, SGLT-2 inhibitor and glucose absorption.

Course responsible: Associate Professor Signe Sørensen Torekov, MD Nicolai Wewer Albrechtsen & Professor Jens Juul Holst

This presentation provides an introduction to Sodium-glucose linked transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT-2) and how it affects the blood glucose. Furthermore we’ll discuss how SGLT-2 inhibitors can be used for treating patients with type 2 diabetes. Three SGLT-2 inhibitors have been approved: Dapa, Empa and Canagliflozin, for clinical use in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Course responsible: Associate Professor Signe Sørensen Torekov, MD Nicolai Wewer Albrechtsen & Professor Jens Juul Holst

This diabetes self-management case is being utilized in the dietetic internship program courses at Iowa State University: FSHN 554, 555, & 556 and was designed to increase student confidence in suggesting appropriate recommendations for the medication, blood sugar, and diet management aspects for someone with Type 2 diabetes. As a distance education program, the dietetic internship faculty have created various simulations and case studies for students to gain practice and confidence in providing appropriate patient care.
1. Complete the diabetes self-management case: https://rise.articulate.com/share/wycLssQVOP7tsDhoY2o-KQUWacAChpqH
2. Compare your responses to the expert feedback.

This presentation focus on the question: can we cure diabetes? By interviewing different experts we will estimate how possible it is that we will find a cure for diabetes in the future. One of the main arguments is that we already have a cure, which is eating right and exercise, but the big question is whether people are willing to take this cure?

Narrator: Richard Steed.

This presentation discuss how we can fight the global diabetes epidemic. According to WHO (2016) the incidence and impacts of diabetes can largely be prevented or reduced with an approach that incorporates evidence-based, affordable, cost-effective, population-wide and multi-sector intervention. So which interventions should we prioritize as the most efficient interventions to fight the global diabetes epidemic?

Narrator: Richard Steed.

Many people exercise and take medicine in order to delay or treat type 2 diabetes. However in most cases these interventions in one’s lifestyle fails and the person regain weight and retain their increasing blood glucose levels. Controlling one’s appetite seems to be the key, which is one of the aspects we’ll discuss in this presentation. Furthermore we’ll discuss how gastric bypass surgery helps people with diabetes type 2 controlling their appetite and make their diabetes disappear. Finally we’ll discuss how hormones such as GLP-1 can help diabetics’ control their appetite, and lose weight.

Narrator: Richard Steed.

This presentation talks about which role exercise plays in developing diabetes. We will describe what happens in the body when we exercise, and why these changes help us prevent and treat diabetes. In continuation of this we’ll talk about the interaction between insulin, glucose and muscle cells and how we through exercise, can change our health. Furthermore we’ll discuss how lifestyle can affect one’s future children in terms of developing diabetes later on.

Narrator: Richard Steed.

This presentation focus on which role nutrition plays in developing diabetes and how obesity affects diabetes development. Obesity and weight gain dramatically increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. But it’s not only the total calorie intake and the BMI that counts, so does the distribution between fat, protein and carbohydrates, in other words the composition of nutritions. In continuation of this it will be discussed how a restricting intake of carbohydrates might be the way to reduce or even eliminate the use of medication in diabetes treatments.

Narrator: Richard Steed.

This presentation address how being overweight and obese is considered one of the strongest predictors, regarding the development of type 2 diabetes. Almost 85 % of people living with diabetes type 2, are either overweight or obese. This is an important aspect, because globally we have a lot of overweight people, in fact in 2014, one in three adults was overweight and one in eight was obese. But why do the numbers keep growing and what’s causing this epidemic growth of obesity?

Narrator: Richard Steed.

This presentation provides an introduction to Diabetes.What is diabetes and what happens in the body? You will learn how diabetes is a term used to describe the body’s inability to produce sufficient amounts of insulin and how insulin as a pancreatic hormone functions as a main glucose regulator, that makes sure our glucose levels are balanced. Both high and low blood glucose levels are dangerous. When you have diabetes, the lack of insulin will cause high blood glucose levels, which affects several parts of your body.

Narrator: Richard Steed.

In this presentation you will learn about the evolution of diabetes and how it affects the world population. Diabetes is probably recognized as one of the biggest global health challenges in the 21st century. Figures from 2012 shows that diabetes caused the death of 1.5 million people and lead to an additional 2.2 million deaths caused by higher than optimal blood glucose, which increases the risk of cardiovascular and other diseases. The prevalence of diabetes is rising in all income groups, however over the past decade it has risen faster in low and middle income countries rather than in high income countries.

Narrator: Richard Steed.

This presentation talks about who is at risk of developing diabetes and how diabetes will affect the future generations. You will be introduced to how the global amount of people diagnosed with diabetes, according to the WHO and the IDF, will increase from just over 400 million to 600 million by 2030.

Narrator: Richard Steed.

To reinforce students' understanding of the human digestion process, the functions of several stomach and small intestine fluids are analyzed, and the concept of simulation is introduced through a short, introductory demonstration of how these fluids work. Students learn what simulation means and how it relates to the engineering process, particularly in biomedical engineering. The teacher demo requires vinegar, baking soda, water and aspirin.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"The omega-3 fatty acids EPA and DHA may help prevent metabolic diseases and alleviate microbiome disruption, but how these fatty acids affect the gut microbiome and metabolome in diabetes remains unclear. To learn more, a new study examined the gut health of diabetic (db/db) mice fed EPA-/DHA-supplemented diets. Both EPA and DHA improved blood sugar-related indices in diabetic mice without affecting body weight and distinctly altered mouse gut microbiomes and fecal metabolomic profiles. In addition, both fatty acids accelerated gut glutamate degradation, which was strongly correlated with Coriobacteriaceae bacterial abundance. EPA and DHA increased the levels of beneficial short-chain fatty acids, while EPA decreased the levels of the bacterial endotoxin LPS. Notably, all of the effects were more evident for EPA than for DHA..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Diabetic kidney disease is one of the major causes of death in patients with diabetes and the leading cause of end-stage renal disease in the United States. One early sign believed to contribute to diabetic kidney disease is injury to the glomerulus. The glomerulus is a cluster of blood vessels in the kidney that filters excess fluid and waste products out of the blood. However, the molecular mechanisms that lead to irreversible glomerular injury in the setting of diabetes are poorly understood. To gain a clearer picture, researchers evaluated the impact of the diabetic microenvironment on glomerular endothelial cells. Prolonged exposure to diabetic serum affected mitochondria. resulting in cellular dysfunction, but not cell death..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Worldwide, many patients treated for type 2 diabetes are not achieving their recommended glycemic targets. For patients with very poorly controlled diabetes, such as those with an HBA1C more than 2% above their target or with HbA1c over 10%, the ADA and EASD consensus recommendations include combination therapy with both basal insulin and a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (or GLP-1 RA). iGlarLixi is a once-daily, titratable, fixed-ratio combination of basal insulin glargine 100 units (or glargine) and lixisenatide, a GLP-1 RA. The complementary mechanisms of action of lixisenatide and glargine means that this combination targets both fasting and post-prandial hyperglycemia with a single injection. To examine whether iGlarLixi is a therapeutic option for patients with very poorly controlled type 2 diabetes, the authors of the current study analyzed two sub-groups of the LixiLan-O clinical trial. Their findings are published in Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.