This quarter-long project forms the basis of a third-year course for majors and nonmajors at the University of Washington, Bothell called Science Methods and Practice. Students use databases to identify novel research questions, and extract data to test their hypotheses. They frame the question with primary literature, address the questions with inferential statistics, and discuss the results with more primary literature. The product is a scientific paper; each step of the process is scaffolded and evaluated. Given time limitations, we avoid devoting time to data collection; instead, we sharpen
students' ability to make sense of a large body of quantitative data, a situation they may rarely have encountered.

We treat statistics with a strictly conceptual, pragmatic, and abbreviated approach; i.e., we ask students to know which basic test to choose to assess a linear relationship vs. a difference between two means. We stress the need for a normal distribution
in order to use these tests, and how to interpret the results; we leave the rest for stats courses, and we do not teach the mathematics. This approach proves beneficial even to those who have already had a statistics course, because it is often the first time
they make decisions about applying statistics to their own research questions.

We incorporate peer review and collaborative work throughout the quarter. We form collaborative groups around the research questions they ask, enabling them to share primary literature they find, and preparing them well to review each other's writing. We encourage them to cite each other's work. They write formal peer reviews of each other's papers, and they submit their final paper with a letter-to-the-editor highlighting how their research has addressed previous feedback.

A major advantage of this course is that an instructor can easily modify it to suit any area of expertise. Students have worked with data about how a snail's morphology changes in response to its environment (Price, 2012), how students understand genetic drift (Price et al. 2014), maximum body size in the fossil record (Payne et al. 2008), range shifts (Ettinger et al. 2011), and urban crop pollination (Waters and Clifford 2014).

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College-level adaptation of a chapter in the Earth Exploration Toolbook. Examine satellite images of atmospheric ozone in the Southern Hemisphere to study changes in concentration over a time.

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During a previous field trip to a local stream, students examine the stream and flood plain, evaluate evidence for high-discharge events, measure discharge, see the USGS gauging station for the stream and examine historical discharge records. Then, to prepare for hometown stream exercise, students chose a stream of personal interest to them and with at least 30 years of NWIS discharge data, and also gather personal knowledge and background information about their stream. The instructor uses Stony Brook data to model the project by downloading NWIS discharge data and using the data to a) describe the typical annual pattern of discharge, b) graphpeak annual discharge for the years of record, c) making a flood frequency graph and d) integrating background information into an analysis of the stream's discharge. Students then do this for their own streams. The activity involves students in accessing and analyzing real data, integrating background information into a technical analysis. They also gain experience with Microsoft Excel and via other students' work, learn about streams that can be quite different from their own.

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This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Apoptosis is a form of cell death that occurs as part of normal development. Once considered irreversible, apoptosis might not mark the end for all cells—including cancer cells. Growing evidence suggests that cancer cells can be rescued from the brink of death through a process called anastasis, which could explain how tumors resist anticancer therapies. From the Greek for “resurrection,” anastasis can occur through a variety of mechanisms, such as by arresting the activity of caspases, enzymes in charge of dismantling the cell during apoptosis by activating DNA repair mechanisms and by allowing cell fragments to fuse and continue living even after apoptosis has begun. Further studies are needed to explore how cancer cells cheat death through anastasis and how to adjust anticancer therapies accordingly..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

Short Description:
This textbook is designed to actively engage your exploration and critical analysis of human anatomical variation in an Australian and New Zealand context. Understanding anatomical variation is essential for all health professionals to avoid patient misdiagnosis such as confusing a natural variant with a pathology, minimise surgical or procedural errors that may occur if variations are unexpected, and ultimately improve patient outcomes by applying culturally safe practices. Research in anatomical variation has demonstrated significant differences in phenotypic expression of variants between and within geographic, ancestral and socioeconomic populations, as well as displaying significant variance between males and females. It is therefore critical as a health professional to understand anatomical variation in the context of the population you intend to practice in. This textbook compiles this critical information into an easy to read summary of the range and frequency of anatomical phenotypes in Australian and New Zealand patients by drawing from contemporary anatomical science research. Anatomical variation of Aboriginal, Torres Strait Islander and Māori peoples has also been highlighted where research is available.

Long Description:
The anatomy of our outwardly facing physical appearance exhibits great diversity between individuals, from different eye, skin and hair colour to the size of our feet and our height. However, it is less known whether our anatomy differs beneath the surface… is the anatomy of the internal organs the same between individuals? Most textbooks would like you to think so with simplified standard descriptions of human anatomy such as the lung lobes and fissures, aortic arch branches and bone numbers. But this eBook is different. Here we build your understanding of the scope and clinical importance of human anatomical variation to improve your clinical skills as a health professional or biomedical scientist.

Anatomical variation is described as the differences in macroscopic morphology (shape and size), topography (location), developmental timing or frequency (number) of an anatomical structure between individuals. It presents during embryological or subadult development and results in no substantive observable interruption to physiological function. Every organ displays an array of anatomical phenotypes, and for these reasons the anatomy of each person is considered a variant. Understanding anatomical variation is essential for all health professionals to avoid patient misdiagnosis such as confusing a natural variant with a pathology, minimise surgical or procedural errors that may occur if variations are unexpected, and ultimately improve patient outcomes by applying culturally safe practices.

This textbook is designed to actively engage your exploration and critical analysis of human anatomical variation in an Australian and New Zealand context. Research in anatomical variation has demonstrated significant differences in phenotypic expression of variants between and within geographic, ancestral and socioeconomic populations, as well as displaying significant variance between males and females. It is therefore critical as a health professional to understand anatomical variation in the context of the population you intend to practice in. This textbook compiles this critical information into an easy to read summary of the range and frequency of anatomical phenotypes in Australian and New Zealand patients by drawing from contemporary anatomical science research. Anatomical variation of Aboriginal, Torres Strait Islander and Māori peoples has also been highlighted where research is available.

The textbook is organised to complement your health science studies by developing your depth of understanding to address three critical themes in anatomical variation: Theme 1: Categorise and describe a range of anatomical variation within the human body. Theme 2: Theorise the implications of anatomical variation on patient outcomes and in professional contexts. Theme 3: Investigate the process of anatomical variation formation and its potential causes.

Each chapter employs a multimodal and active learning approach using text and video summaries of key information, checkpoint quizzes, interactive images, clinical and professional discussion activities, and recommended readings. In this way, the activities in this textbook can be easily embedded into existing health science curricula to strengthen anatomical variation understanding in all health professional courses.

Word Count: 31978

ISBN: 978-1-925553-51-2

(Note: This resource's metadata has been created automatically by reformatting and/or combining the information that the author initially provided as part of a bulk import process.)

Short Description:
This textbook is designed to actively engage your exploration and critical analysis of human anatomical variation in an Australian and New Zealand context. Understanding anatomical variation is essential for all health professionals to avoid patient misdiagnosis such as confusing a natural variant with a pathology, minimise surgical or procedural errors that may occur if variations are unexpected, and ultimately improve patient outcomes by applying culturally safe practices. Research in anatomical variation has demonstrated significant differences in phenotypic expression of variants between and within geographic, ancestral and socioeconomic populations, as well as displaying significant variance between males and females. It is therefore critical as a health professional to understand anatomical variation in the context of the population you intend to practice in. This textbook compiles this critical information into an easy to read summary of the range and frequency of anatomical phenotypes in Australian and New Zealand patients by drawing from contemporary anatomical science research. Anatomical variation of Aboriginal, Torres Strait Islander and Māori peoples has also been highlighted where research is available.

Long Description:
The anatomy of our outwardly facing physical appearance exhibits great diversity between individuals, from different eye, skin and hair colour to the size of our feet and our height. However, it is less known whether our anatomy differs beneath the surface… is the anatomy of the internal organs the same between individuals? Most textbooks would like you to think so with simplified standard descriptions of human anatomy such as the lung lobes and fissures, aortic arch branches and bone numbers. But this eBook is different. Here we build your understanding of the scope and clinical importance of human anatomical variation to improve your clinical skills as a health professional or biomedical scientist.

Anatomical variation is described as the differences in macroscopic morphology (shape and size), topography (location), developmental timing or frequency (number) of an anatomical structure between individuals. It presents during embryological or subadult development and results in no substantive observable interruption to physiological function. Every organ displays an array of anatomical phenotypes, and for these reasons the anatomy of each person is considered a variant. Understanding anatomical variation is essential for all health professionals to avoid patient misdiagnosis such as confusing a natural variant with a pathology, minimise surgical or procedural errors that may occur if variations are unexpected, and ultimately improve patient outcomes by applying culturally safe practices.

This textbook is designed to actively engage your exploration and critical analysis of human anatomical variation in an Australian and New Zealand context. Research in anatomical variation has demonstrated significant differences in phenotypic expression of variants between and within geographic, ancestral and socioeconomic populations, as well as displaying significant variance between males and females. It is therefore critical as a health professional to understand anatomical variation in the context of the population you intend to practice in. This textbook compiles this critical information into an easy to read summary of the range and frequency of anatomical phenotypes in Australian and New Zealand patients by drawing from contemporary anatomical science research. Anatomical variation of Aboriginal, Torres Strait Islander and Māori peoples has also been highlighted where research is available.

The textbook is organised to complement your health science studies by developing your depth of understanding to address three critical themes in anatomical variation: Theme 1: Categorise and describe a range of anatomical variation within the human body. Theme 2: Theorise the implications of anatomical variation on patient outcomes and in professional contexts. Theme 3: Investigate the process of anatomical variation formation and its potential causes.

Each chapter employs a multimodal and active learning approach using text and video summaries of key information, checkpoint quizzes, interactive images, clinical and professional discussion activities, and recommended readings. In this way, the activities in this textbook can be easily embedded into existing health science curricula to strengthen anatomical variation understanding in all health professional courses.

Word Count: 31376

(Note: This resource's metadata has been created automatically by reformatting and/or combining the information that the author initially provided as part of a bulk import process.)

This course is the first part of the two semester course of Anatomy and Physiology. It integrates the anatomy and physiology of cells, tissues, organs and human body systems, It includes the study of the gross and microscopic structure of the systems of the human body with special emphasis on the relationship between structure and function. It is based on OpenStax Anatomy and Physiology book and is supplemented by content from the Open Learning Initiative (Carnegie Mellon University Open Learning Initative) and Boundless Physiology Open Book.

Word Count: 741633

(Note: This resource's metadata has been created automatically by reformatting and/or combining the information that the author initially provided as part of a bulk import process.)

These are PDFs of each chapter of the OpenStax Anatomy and Physiology textbook. They can be posted to D2L for easy access for students.

Short, animated videos on many Anatomy and Physiology topics. Videos used in college courses and cover the content presented in the first 2 semesters of Anatomy and Physiology for Nursing/Allied Health students.

Series of 21 video lectures for BIO 160, Anatomy & Physiology for Health Care Professions class at St. Clair County Community College. Lecture materials developed by Brandis Hubbard. For access to video files for creation of derivative work, contact Brandis Hubbard at bahubbard@sc4.edu.

Neurons (or nerve cells) are specialized cells that transmit and receive electrical signals in the body. Neurons are composed of three main parts: dendrites, a cell body, and an axon. Signals are received through the dendrites, travel to the cell body, and continue down the axon until they reach the synapse (the communication point between two neurons).

Instructional sequences are more coherent when students investigate compelling natural phenomena (in science) or work on meaningful design problems (in engineering) by engaging in the science and engineering practices. We refer to these phenomena and design problems here as ‘anchors.’Here is a tool to assist in determining if the elements of the anchoring phenomenon are strong or could use some additional thinking. Original works can be found at NextGenStorylines.org

Introduction to Biotechnology II (BIOL1415), provides learners with a practical exploration of a regulated biotechnology workplace. This course is a continuation of Introduction to Biotechnology I (BIOL 1414), and the cornerstone for the Biotechnology Level-One Certificate, as it provides students ample opportunity to master entry-level laboratory workforce skills. This course builds on knowledge in biotechnology, chemistry, & biology, and provides workforce training in areas of regulatory documentation, equipment validation, and teamwork. The goals of this course are to develop core laboratory skills needed in a bioscience lab job; critical thinking and multitasking, teamwork and accountability, accuracy in calculations and experimental analysis, and demonstrate skills associated with working in a regulated laboratory workplace.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder in women and is characterized by irregular periods, infertility, and hirsutism. Patients with PCOS also regularly experience gut dysbiosis, but the specific role of dysbiosis in the pathology of PCOS is not clear. To investigate this, researchers administered two different treatments to rats – the androgen dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) to induce PCOS-like symptoms and antibiotics to deplete the existing microbiota and thereby produce “pseudo germ-free” rats. In the androgen-treated rats, depletion of the microbiota did not protect them from PCOS-like symptoms, but transplanting microbiota from androgen-treated rats into pseudo germ-free rats triggered disruption of reproductive hormone balance and altered liver metabolism..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Malignant renal cell carcinoma accounts for approximately 2% of cancer cases worldwide, and kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) is the most common subtype. Tumor angiogenesis is an important prognostic indicator and therapeutic target for KIRC. However, the specific angiogenesis subtypes in KIRC and their epigenetic regulation mechanisms are not well defined. In a recent multi-omics study, researchers analyzed these subtypes in patients using published molecular datasets. Angiogenesis scores calculated based on a 189-gene molecular signature were correlated with several prognostic indicators in over 500 patients. The five genes that contributed most to the scores (MMRN2, CLEC14A, ACVRL1, EFNB2, and TEK) were also associated with overall survival. Clustering analysis based on 183 of the signature genes identified two angiogenesis subtypes among the patients..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

BCC Bioscience Image Library is a media file repository of images and video clips made available to educators and students in the biological sciences. The resources are created by faculty, staff and students of Berkshire Community College and are licensed under Creative Commons 0. This means all content is free, with no restrictions on how the material may be used, reused, adapted or modified for any purposes, without restriction under copyright or database law.

This project was partially funded by a $20,000,000 grant awarded by the U.S. Department of Labor’s Employment and Training Administration, Grant # TC-26450-14-60-A-25. The product was created by the grantee and does not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Labor. The U.S. Department of Labor makes no guarantees, warranties, or assurances of any kind, express or implied, with respect to such information, including any information on linked sites and including, but not limited to, accuracy of the information or its completeness, timeliness, usefulness, adequacy, continued availability, or ownership.

If you have any questions contact Professor Faye Reynolds at: freynold@berkshirecc.edu