The Ordinary Differential Equation Project is an open source textbook designed to teach ordinary differential equations to undergraduates. This is a work in progress by Thomas W. Judson. The books strengths will include a wide range of exercises, both computational and theoretical, plus many nontrivial applications. Technology is integrated into the textbook using the open source system, Sage.

Students are introduced to the fabulous planet on which they live. Even though we spend our entire lives on Earth, we still do not always understand how it fits into the rest of the solar system. Students learn about the Earth's position in the solar system and what makes it unique. They learn how engineers study human interactions with the Earth and design technologies and systems to monitor, use and care for our planet's resources wisely to preserve life on Earth.

Take a breath — where does the oxygen you inhaled come from? In our changing world, will we always have enough oxygen? What is in water that supports life? What is known? How do we know what we know about our vast oceans? These are just a few of the driving questions explored in this interactive STEAM high school curriculum module.

Students in marine science, environmental science, physics, chemistry, biology, integrated science, biotechnology and/or STEAM courses can use this curriculum module in order to use real-world, big data to investigate how our “invisible forest” influences ocean and Earth systems. Students build an art project to represent their new understanding and share this with the broader community.

This 4-week set of lessons is based on the oceanographic research of Dr. Anne Thompson of Portland State University in Oregon, which focuses on the abundant ocean phytoplankton Prochlorococcus. These interdisciplinary STEAM lessons were inspired by Dr. Thompson’s lab and fieldwork as well as many beautiful visualizations of Prochlorococcus, the ocean, and Earth. Students learn about the impact and importance of Prochlorococcus as the smallest and most abundant photosynthetic organism on our planet. Through the lessons, students act as both scientists and artists as they explore where breathable oxygen comes from and consider how to communicate the importance of tiny cells to human survival.

This module is written as a phenomenon-based, Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS) three-dimensional learning unit. Each of the lessons below also has an integrated, optional Project-Based Learning component that guides students as they complete the PBL process. Students learn to model a system and also design and evaluate questions to investigate phenomena. Students ultimately learn what is in a drop of ocean water and showcase how their drop contributes to our health and the stability and dynamics of global systems.

Students explore the outermost planets of our solar system: Saturn, Uranus and Neptune. They also learn about characteristics of Pluto and its interactions with Neptune. Students learn a little about the history of space travel as well as the different technologies that engineers develop to make space travel and scientific discovery possible.

(This case study was added to OER Commons as one of a batch of over 700. It has relevant information which may include medical imagery, lab results, and history where relevant. A link to the final diagnosis can be found at the end of the case study for review. The first paragraph of the case study -- typically, but not always the clinical presentation -- is provided below.)

This is a patient with chronic normocytic normochromic anemia in the range of 8 to 10 g/dl. Further testing included Iron, TIBC, folate and B12 which were within normal range. Reticulocyte count was increased. Peripheral blood smear showed many target cells, nRBC and polychromasia.

(This case study was added to OER Commons as one of a batch of over 700. It has relevant information which may include medical imagery, lab results, and history where relevant. A link to the final diagnosis can be found at the end of the case study for review. The first paragraph of the case study -- typically, but not always the clinical presentation -- is provided below.)

The mother of this fetus was a 24 year old G1 P0 woman with multiple medical problems. These include cerebral palsy, mixed hearing loss, a history of seizures, history of a heart murmur, surgery for cleft lip, and asthma. The current pregnancy was without complications through the first two trimesters. An 18 week anatomy scan was unremarkable. A fetal echocardiogram at 18 weeks was also unremarkable. Early in the third trimester, a clinical concern for size less than dates arose. An ultrasound at 30 weeks found an enlarged fetal heart. No evidence of hydrops was identified, however. On a routine clinic visit at 32 2/7 weeks gestation, the mother complained of no fetal movement for the previous two days. A bedside ultrasound confirmed an intrauterine fetal demise. Labor was induced, with delivery of the stillborn female fetus.

(This case study was added to OER Commons as one of a batch of over 700. It has relevant information which may include medical imagery, lab results, and history where relevant. A link to the final diagnosis can be found at the end of the case study for review. The first paragraph of the case study -- typically, but not always the clinical presentation -- is provided below.)

Presentation and examination

(This case study was added to OER Commons as one of a batch of over 700. It has relevant information which may include medical imagery, lab results, and history where relevant. A link to the final diagnosis can be found at the end of the case study for review. The first paragraph of the case study -- typically, but not always the clinical presentation -- is provided below.)

A previously healthy, 35-year-old man presented with a four-week history of painful swelling on his right forehead. CT imaging showed a solitary, 1 cm osteolytic lesion within the diploic space of the right frontal bone, involving the inner and outer tables (Figure 1). On MRI, the lesion was heterogeneously enhancing and extended into subgaleal tissue and epidural space. It was resected and the patient was discharged in good condition.

(This case study was added to OER Commons as one of a batch of over 700. It has relevant information which may include medical imagery, lab results, and history where relevant. A link to the final diagnosis can be found at the end of the case study for review. The first paragraph of the case study -- typically, but not always the clinical presentation -- is provided below.)

A 42 year old Caucasian male patient with known Hashimoto's thyroiditis presented the first time in 2010 with increased thirst and nocturia. An MRI of the pituitary gland in 2010 showed an enlarged pituitary stalk up to the infundibulum. Endocrinologically, there were normal levels for ACTH, LH, FSH, TSH, PRL, STH as well as for cortisol, testosterone and IGF-1. The clinical diagnosis of diabetes insipidus due to an autoinflammatory hypophysitis with a normal functioning anterior pituitary was made after excluding other reasons (e.g. sarcoidosis). A symptomatic treatment with desmopressin was initiated and regular follow-ups were held.

(This case study was added to OER Commons as one of a batch of over 700. It has relevant information which may include medical imagery, lab results, and history where relevant. A link to the final diagnosis can be found at the end of the case study for review. The first paragraph of the case study -- typically, but not always the clinical presentation -- is provided below.)

A 43-year-old woman was admitted with headache over a 3 week period. The clinical examination was completely unremarkable. The past medical history included breast cancer three years before presentation with a contralateral relapse another two years later. Treatment consisted of surgical resection, radiotherapy and post-operative chemotherapy with 4 cycles of epirubicine and cyclophosphamide. The relapse was treated by resection, radiotherapy and anti-estrogen therapy. Two years before current admission, acute myeloid leukemia FAB M4 Eo was diagnosed and treated with induction and consolidation chemotherapy according to the German AMLCG protocol with TAD/HAM double-induction and TAD consolidation chemotherapy followed by 4 weekly alternating maintenance chemotherapy.

(This case study was added to OER Commons as one of a batch of over 700. It has relevant information which may include medical imagery, lab results, and history where relevant. A link to the final diagnosis can be found at the end of the case study for review. The first paragraph of the case study -- typically, but not always the clinical presentation -- is provided below.)

A boy aged 7 years was investigated for dizziness, diplopia and occasional visual hallucinations over a period of three months. Examination revealed mild nystagmus and left-sided cerebellar signs, including ataxia and dysdiadochokinesis. A mass arising from the roof of the fourth ventricle was demonstrated on MRI (Fig. 1). No other radiologic abnormalities were present within the neuraxis. Serum AFP was 1KU/L, and HCG was < 1 IU/L. The tumor was removed via a posterior fossa craniotomy. The child received craniospinal radiotherapy and cisplatin-based chemotherapy, and remains well 44 months post-surgery.

(This case study was added to OER Commons as one of a batch of over 700. It has relevant information which may include medical imagery, lab results, and history where relevant. A link to the final diagnosis can be found at the end of the case study for review. The first paragraph of the case study -- typically, but not always the clinical presentation -- is provided below.)

A forty-six year old female patient presented with a five month history of numbness in the toes of the right foot accompanied by numbness in the right arm since two months. She developed a paresis of the right leg and focal seizures. The MRI revealed a contrast enhancing lesion in the left occipital and parietal lobe. Three years ago a multiple myeloma (MM) (IgG, stage IIIA) was diagnosed and treated with autologous stem cell transplantation. One year later a relapse with fracture of the fourth lumbar vertebral body occurred, treated by radiation. A stereotactic biopsy of the CNS lesion was performed.

(This case study was added to OER Commons as one of a batch of over 700. It has relevant information which may include medical imagery, lab results, and history where relevant. A link to the final diagnosis can be found at the end of the case study for review. The first paragraph of the case study -- typically, but not always the clinical presentation -- is provided below.)

An 80-year-old female was referred to hospital because of acute deterioration of memory and orientation. Additionally, there was weakness in the left leg. During hospitalization she developed severe neuropsychiatric deficits with auditory and visual hallucinations. Her past medical history was uneventful.

(This case study was added to OER Commons as one of a batch of over 700. It has relevant information which may include medical imagery, lab results, and history where relevant. A link to the final diagnosis can be found at the end of the case study for review. The first paragraph of the case study -- typically, but not always the clinical presentation -- is provided below.)

An 80-year-old man was transferred to our institution with worsening heart failure. His past medical history was significant for Type-2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, coronary artery disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, emphysema, chronic renal insufficiency and recurrent exacerbations of congestive heart failure. In addition, approximately 5 weeks prior to this admission, he presented at another institution with acute onset of left hemiplegia. Radiographic imaging at the time revealed a right thalamic lesion interpreted to represent acute ischemic changes. He received thrombolytic therapy but showed little improvement in neurological symptoms. He was transferred to a rehabilitation program but there also showed no improvement in neurological symptoms. While in rehabilitation, recurrent heart failure required hospitalization and transfer to this institution. His cardiopulmonary function improved with treatment, but his neurologic status remained unchanged until hospital day ten when he exhibited progressive mental status deterioration. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain showed a ring-enhancing lesion similar to that seen six weeks earlier but now observed to extend into the right basal ganglia and medial temporal lobe with right cerebral hemispheric edema, right-to-left midline shift and asymmetric ventricles (Figure 1, The image has been inverted vertically to correlate with the gross pathologic specimen). These changes were interpreted to be characteristic of a cerebral abscess, but because of the lack of systemic findings, a high-grade intracerebral neoplasm was also considered. Because of his poor clinical status, the patient's family declined a brain biopsy. He died on the eleventh hospital day.

(This case study was added to OER Commons as one of a batch of over 700. It has relevant information which may include medical imagery, lab results, and history where relevant. A link to the final diagnosis can be found at the end of the case study for review. The first paragraph of the case study -- typically, but not always the clinical presentation -- is provided below.)

An 8-year-old child presented with symptoms of raised intracranial pressure starting a few days before clinical presentation. Past medical history was significant for Diabetes insipidus centralis, which was diagnosed in February 2001 and treated with Minirin®. Neurological examination was normal.

(This case study was added to OER Commons as one of a batch of over 700. It has relevant information which may include medical imagery, lab results, and history where relevant. A link to the final diagnosis can be found at the end of the case study for review. The first paragraph of the case study -- typically, but not always the clinical presentation -- is provided below.)

A woman in her 40s presented with diffuse abdominal pain, meteorism and intermittent diarrhea. Gastrointestinal workup including abdominal computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans revealed a focal rounded lesion in segment IV of the liver without any edema or reactive changes. Although there was no history of progesterone or estrogen therapy, the radiographic appearance was considered to be suggestive of adenoma (Figure 1, arrow). The lesion was monitored by ultrasound after 3 years when a resection of hepatic segment VI was performed because of the presumed risk of a malignant transformation.

(This case study was added to OER Commons as one of a batch of over 700. It has relevant information which may include medical imagery, lab results, and history where relevant. A link to the final diagnosis can be found at the end of the case study for review. The first paragraph of the case study -- typically, but not always the clinical presentation -- is provided below.)

A woman aged 24 years presented with ataxia, visual obscurations, and headaches over 4 weeks. She had no significant past medical history, and was taking no medication. MR imaging revealed an enhancing mass in the fourth ventricle, which was removed at neurosurgery. Macroscopic examination revealed soft gray tissue measuring 10x5x5mm and several fragments of beige / gray tissue measuring 5x5x4mm, all of which were submitted for histopathological examination.

This book is an introduction to philosophical ethics intended for use in introductory college or high school level courses. It has grown out of lecture notes I shared with the first students who took my online Ethics course at the Pennsylvania College of Technology almost 20 years ago. Since then it has seen more development in a variety of forms – starting out as a pdf document, and then evolving into a static set of WordPress pages and finally now as a book written in bookdown and hosted at GitHub. This text represents my attempt to scratch a couple of itches. The first is my wanting a presentation of the major philosophical approaches to ethics that I can actually agree with and that is integrated into my overall teaching method. I tend to teach philosophy to beginners and so there is a fair amount of discussion of the tools used by philosophers and of the ways in which their approach differs from that of their colleagues in other disciplines.

Through a series of four lessons, students are introduced to many factors that affect the power output of photovoltaic (PV) solar panels. Factors such as the angle of the sun, panel temperature, specific circuit characteristics, and reflected radiation determine the efficiency of solar panels. These four lessons are paired with hands-on activities in which students design, build and test small photovoltaic systems. Students collect their own data, and examine different variables to determine their effects on the efficiency of PV panels to generate electrical power.

Students are introduced to the physics concepts of air resistance and launch angle as they apply to catapults. This includes the basic concepts of position, velocity and acceleration and their relationships to one another. They use algebra to solve for one variable given two variables.