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Disruptor taxa, oral microbes, and strict anaerobes in the human small-intestine microbiome
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This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Past research has already tied our gut microbiome to many diseases. However, most research to date has focused on the large intestine, as collecting stool samples is less invasive than sampling the small intestine. Recently, researchers used standard-of-care endoscopies as an opportunity to collect samples from the first section of the small intestine, the duodenum. Using quantitative sequencing, they evaluated the patients' microbial loads. They found preliminary evidence of microbes traveling from the mouth to the small intestine, as 89% of the microbial taxa found in duodenum samples were also present in saliva samples from the same patient. Within the duodenum, the researchers identified a collection of bacterial taxa that, when present, often dominated the microbial population. These ‘disruptor taxa’ appeared to replace the strict anaerobes common in the duodenum and were more prevalent in individuals with the serious GI disorder small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO)..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

Subject:
Biology
Life Science
Material Type:
Diagram/Illustration
Reading
Provider:
Research Square
Provider Set:
Video Bytes
Date Added:
03/01/2022
Distal tibial allografts are a promising option for treating anterior shoulder instability
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CC BY
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This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Bone graft performance is one of the most important factors for successful glenoid reconstruction to treat anterior shoulder instability. Although distal tibial allografts are gaining popularity over the more commonly used coracoid autografts, many orthopedic surgeons remain concerned about the potential for decreased healing and increased resorption when using allograft bone. To address these concerns, researchers compared patient radiological outcomes in the context of both graft types following glenoid reconstruction to treat anterior shoulder instability with significant glenoid bone loss. Their results suggest that tibial allografts are a promising option to recreate glenoid bony morphology. To reach this conclusion, the team retrospectively reviewed the radiographic findings from 36 patients who underwent tibial allograft and 12 patients who underwent coracoid autograft procedures to manage anterior shoulder instability with glenoid bone loss..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

Subject:
Applied Science
Health, Medicine and Nursing
Material Type:
Diagram/Illustration
Reading
Provider:
Research Square
Provider Set:
Video Bytes
Date Added:
09/20/2019
Distinct signaling processes direct the body’s immune response to food metabolites
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CC BY
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This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"What we eat can affect the body’s immune response, and in extreme cases, food intolerance, diabetes, or inflammatory diseases can occur. Metabolites found in dairy products or fermented food are sensed by two receptor proteins involved in immune function. One of these proteins, HCA₃, has an anti-inflammatory effect, while the other, GPR84, activates the immune response. Unfortunately, the mechanism underlying these different processes is unclear. A recent study investigated whether differences in the proteins’ signaling kinetics and trafficking could explain their different effects. Using a label-free technique based on dynamic mass redistribution inside the cell, they found that the receptors HCA₃ and GPR84 had distinct signaling kinetics upon activation with different metabolites. Signaling was affected by the receptors’ localization, which depends on proteins such as dynamin-2 and β-arrestin-2..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

Subject:
Biology
Life Science
Material Type:
Diagram/Illustration
Reading
Provider:
Research Square
Provider Set:
Video Bytes
Date Added:
10/27/2020
Distinguished Military Operations With A Hasty Bowl of Soup
Unrestricted Use
Public Domain
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The satire apparently perceives President Polk's reinstatement of Winfield Scott over Zachary Taylor as commander of U.S. forces in the Mexican War in November 1846 as an attempt to squelch the extreme personal popularity won by Taylor through dazzling early victories at Palo Alto, Resaca de la Palma, and Monterey. Scott (center) is shown emptying a large tureen of soup onto Taylor, saying "Take that! you're my subordinate!" The "hasty bowl of soup" was a recurring jibe which haunted Scott throughout the rest of his public career. (See also "Battle of Cerro Gordo" and "Battle of Churubusco," nos. 1847-2 and 1847-3.) It originated in Scott's opening comment in a May 25, 1846, letter to Secretary of War William L. Marcy protesting his removal as commander, "Your letter of this date, received at about 6 p.m., as I sat down to take a hasty plate of soup . . ." Here Scott is urged on by Polk (right), who says, "That's right Scott, we must Smother him [i.e., Taylor]!" Scott asks Taylor, "Where were you when I was ordering my hasty plate of Soup?" Taylor, in his customary wide-brimmed hat and simple civilian coat, is in marked contrast to the elegantly uniformed Scott. As a troop of soldiers at attention looks on, Taylor bears the indignity, responding, "Please your Excellency and Commander in Chief I was at the Pallo Alto, Resaca de la Palma, & Monterey." One of the soldiers adds, punning on Taylor'a name, "Aye Aye, the People will put him right, although he's a Taylor he "leads" to danger and dont "follow" suit." Although unsigned the print is quite close in drawing, if not in political bias, to Edward Williams Clay's pro-Scott "Santa Anna Declining a Hasty Plate of Soup at Cerro Gordo" (no. 1847-4). The similarity between the portraits of Scott in the two prints is especially convincing evidence of Clay's authorship.|Drawn by Edward Williams Clay, 1846 or early 1847.|H.R. Robinson's Lith. 142 Nassau St. N.Y.|Title appears as it is written on the item.|Weitenkampf, p. 94.|Forms part of: American cartoon print filing series (Library of Congress)|Published in: American political prints, 1766-1876 / Bernard F. Reilly. Boston : G.K. Hall, 1991, entry 1846-15.

Subject:
History
U.S. History
Material Type:
Diagram/Illustration
Primary Source
Provider:
Library of Congress
Provider Set:
Library of Congress - Cartoons 1766-1876
Date Added:
06/13/2013
Distributed Database Systems through Database Clustering
Conditional Remix & Share Permitted
CC BY-NC
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This covers the implementation of database clustering through Open Source technologies. It is designed to teach the students on how to get, install and configure the required software and eventually set-up the cluster. It also provides an example on how a web application connects randomly to any database server in the cluster and still gets the same data. Through this example, high data availability solution is clearly demonstrated in the sense that if and when one database server in the cluster is down, the other database server can continue providing the needed data.

Subject:
Career and Technical Education
Material Type:
Activity/Lab
Diagram/Illustration
Lecture Notes
Module
Reading
Date Added:
10/22/2017
Distribution of bacterial genes driving dimethyl sulfide cycling in the polar oceans
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CC BY
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This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Dimethyl sulfide (DMS) is a gas produced by bacteria and algae that gives the ocean its distinctive scent. It also plays an important role in cloud formation, leading scientists to think its production may be instrumental in regulating climate change. But sea ice melt in the polar oceans under global warming has led to a reduction in DMS production, which may further intensify climate warming. To gain a better understanding of how bacteria contribute to DMS production, scientists recently investigated the distribution of bacterial genes involved in DMS cycling in seawater samples collected from around the world. They found evidence that intense DMS cycling facilitated predominantly by Alphaproteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria occurs in the Arctic and Antarctic oceans, with high involvement of the enzymes DMSP demethylase, DMSP lyases, and trimethylamine monooxygenase..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

Subject:
Biology
Life Science
Material Type:
Diagram/Illustration
Reading
Provider:
Research Square
Provider Set:
Video Bytes
Date Added:
03/01/2022
Disturbances to biological clock could make osteoarthritis worse
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CC BY
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This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Our biological clock regulates everything from our body temperature to our eating habits. So much so that anything that throws it off beat could allow diseases to set in, including osteoarthritis. Muscle, bone, cartilage, and the tissue in between are reported to have regular rhythms that maintain joint health, and studies suggest that disturbances in the genes that regulate these rhythms could make symptoms of osteoarthritis worse. These disturbances affect the cells responsible for creating cartilage, increasing their breakdown while slowing their buildup. They lead to abnormal remodeling of bone tissue. They cause muscle fibers to age faster and become weaker. And they lead to inflammation in surrounding tissue, which aggravates joint pain and damage. Research that examines the relationship between rhythmic disturbances and osteoarthritis could lead to new ways of understanding joint degeneration and could inspire the development of new drugs that target the mechanisms underlying osteoarthritis..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

Subject:
Biology
Life Science
Material Type:
Diagram/Illustration
Reading
Provider:
Research Square
Provider Set:
Video Bytes
Date Added:
03/01/2023
Disturbing A Martin's Nest
Unrestricted Use
Public Domain
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A satire on the Van Buren administration's involvement in New York State politics. Although the precise context of the cartoon is unclear, specific reference is made to Van Buren's alliance with postmaster general and political strategist Amos Kendall against Senator Nathaniel P. Tallmadge, leader of the conservative faction of New York Democrats. In an interior, Kendall (left) and Van Buren are at a table strewn with "discharge" papers. Kendall, seated below a painting of Andrew Jackson titled "Glory," reads the "Globe" newspaper. Van Buren sits below a portrait of "Globe" editor and administration apologist Francis Preston Blair. Van Buren: "So they've nailed that infernal Tallmadge to the counter-Whole hog fellows these eighteen-we must show our gratitude-any room in your concern Amos?" Kendall: "You're right sir we must back up the Albany Boys. Ill send every d--md whig in my department to "Jones" locker. Theres that old superanuated hero Van Ranselaer [i.e., probably, Canal Commissioner Stephen Van Rensselaer] we'll bury him decently and put a "Flagg" [State Comptroller Azariah C. Flagg] over him." Tallmadge watches from behind a curtain, saying "Those fellows can only conceive of mens souls as marketable commodities." Weitenkampf dates the print tentatively 1836, but the artist's rendering of Kendall is clearly based on Charles Fenderich's life portrait, etched by William W. Bannerman and published in the "United States Magazine and Democratic Review" in March 1838. The likeness of Tallmadge also appears to be from a Fenderich portrait copyrighted in 1839.|Printed & published by H.R. Robinson, 52 Cortlandt Street New York.|Title appears as it is written on the item.|Charles Fenderich, no. 2E7 and B2.|Weitenkampf, p. 43-44.|Forms part of: American cartoon print filing series (Library of Congress)|Published in: American political prints, 1766-1876 / Bernard F. Reilly. Boston : G.K. Hall, 1991, entry 1838-2.

Subject:
History
U.S. History
Material Type:
Diagram/Illustration
Primary Source
Provider:
Library of Congress
Provider Set:
Library of Congress - Cartoons 1766-1876
Date Added:
06/13/2013
Diurnal variation in the skin microbiome affects accuracy of forensic microbiome matching
Unrestricted Use
CC BY
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This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"You leave traces on every surface you touch. These traces include parts of your unique skin microbiome, and the comparison of skin and surface microbiota has potential as a forensic tool. To test this concept, a recent study analyzed the metagenome left behind on surfaces by four people. People were matched to their household in 84% of the tests and their neighborhood in only 50% of tests. Matching accuracy decayed over the test period on public surfaces, but not in homes. Time of sample collection affected matching accuracy for both skin (reference) and surface samples (query). This may be driven by diurnal routines influencing microbial dispersal from these public surfaces. Returning home likely normalizes a person’s microbiome via contact with their household microbial reservoir. More research is needed with larger sample sizes and across a diverse range of situations to map out these effects and their mechanisms in more detail..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

Subject:
Biology
Life Science
Material Type:
Diagram/Illustration
Reading
Provider:
Research Square
Provider Set:
Video Bytes
Date Added:
10/13/2021
Diversity estimation technique offers fresh perspective on coral biodiversity
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CC BY
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This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Biodiversity keeps our planet stable. Each species, no matter how small, plays an important role in this global balancing act. That’s why the current pace of biodiversity loss is so alarming. Unfortunately, slowing that pace is extremely difficult. Scientists must first take on the virtually impossible task of measuring the richness and variety of all life on earth—the tools for which are prone to error. Now, researchers have applied a technique that promises estimates that more closely reflect true biodiversity. Proven insightful for stony coral species found throughout the world, the approach could potentially be extended to other animals and plants. Researchers typically use two types of methods to measure biodiversity: by consulting occurrence datasets, which describe points where species have been physically counted, or by combining maps describing geographical ranges where a species is predicted to occur. Each has its own drawbacks. Occurrence datasets tend to be incomplete..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

Subject:
Ecology
Life Science
Oceanography
Physical Science
Material Type:
Diagram/Illustration
Reading
Provider:
Research Square
Provider Set:
Video Bytes
Date Added:
10/23/2020
[Dividing The] National [map]
Unrestricted Use
Public Domain
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0.0 stars

A crude nonpartisan satire, parodying all four candidates in the 1860 presidential election. A map of the United States hung on a wall is being torn apart by three of the candidates. Lincoln (far left) and Douglas tear at the western part of the country, as Breckinridge (center) attacks the South. The fourth, John Bell (right), stands on a stool trying to repair the northeastern section with a jar of "Spaldings," a widely marketed glue of the period. Several boxes of this adhesive appear, prominently labeled, at right. "Dividing the National Map" appears to be part of a series of satires by the same artist as "The Undecided Political Prize Fight" and "The Political Quadrille" (nos. 1860-22 and 1860-23).|Title appears as it is written on the item.|Weitenkampf, p. 121. |Wilson, p. 42-43.|Forms part of: American cartoon print filing series (Library of Congress)|Published in: American political prints, 1766-1876 / Bernard F. Reilly. Boston : G.K. Hall, 1991, entry 1860-24.

Subject:
History
U.S. History
Material Type:
Diagram/Illustration
Primary Source
Provider:
Library of Congress
Provider Set:
Library of Congress - Cartoons 1766-1876
Date Added:
06/08/2013
Dixie's Nurse
Unrestricted Use
Public Domain
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0.0 stars

An illustrated sheet music cover for a comic song, published "for the benefit of the Soldiers Home Fair, Milwaukee, Wis." The cover is adorned with a caricature of an obese Britannia, seated and holding a trident and shield. Printed in almost monochromatic neutral tones, the oval-format illustration imitates classical medallions or reliefs. The work expresses the abiding Northern resentment over British support of the Confederate war effort.|Signatures have evidently been obliterated, judging by the presence of scratching-out in the stone in the lower portion of the oval. |The Library's impression was deposited for copyright on June 28, 1865.|Title appears as it is written on the item.|Published in: American political prints, 1766-1876 / Bernard F. Reilly. Boston : G.K. Hall, 1991, entry 1865-10.

Subject:
History
U.S. History
Material Type:
Diagram/Illustration
Primary Source
Provider:
Library of Congress
Provider Set:
Library of Congress - Cartoons 1766-1876
Date Added:
06/13/2013
Do Something for the Horses - Help the Blue Cross Fund
Unrestricted Use
Public Domain
Rating
0.0 stars

Poster is text only. Text continues: When we think of the horrors of war - when there rises before the mind the awful panorama of the battlefield - the men are not the only pathetic figures. An equal demand has been made on those noble animals who, when guided by a rider's hand, will face the cannon's mouth! They have to fight and suffer together, but there is this difference - the horses are not free agents - they have no exhortations of patriotic duty, no visions of glory and promotion. Title from item.

Subject:
History
U.S. History
Material Type:
Diagram/Illustration
Primary Source
Provider:
Library of Congress
Provider Set:
Library of Congress - World War I Posters
Date Added:
06/18/2013
Do Your Duty! Full Information at 50 East 42nd Street, Mayor's Recruiting Committee.
Unrestricted Use
Public Domain
Rating
0.0 stars

Poster showing Laurette Taylor hanging a recruiting poster of a soldier with text, "Enlist to-day. He's happy and satisfied, are you?" Caption: Laurette Taylor in "Out There," her new play by J. Hartley Manners. Globe Theatre - now. Forms part of: Willard and Dorothy Straight Collection.

Subject:
History
U.S. History
Material Type:
Diagram/Illustration
Primary Source
Provider:
Library of Congress
Provider Set:
Library of Congress - World War I Posters
Date Added:
06/18/2013
Do Your Duty - Join the U.S. Marines Help them Defend America On Land and Sea.
Unrestricted Use
Public Domain
Rating
0.0 stars

U.S. Marine Corps recruitment poster showing marines firing artillery from the deck of a ship.

Subject:
History
U.S. History
Material Type:
Diagram/Illustration
Primary Source
Provider:
Library of Congress
Provider Set:
Library of Congress - World War I Posters
Date Added:
06/18/2013
Do Your Duty to Our Boys As they Are Doing theirs to You. the 1914 War Society Wants to Give Every Disabled Man a Fair Chance of Honourable Independence in Healthy Rural Surroundings
Unrestricted Use
Public Domain
Rating
0.0 stars

Poster showing soldiers, both injured and those helping them, arriving on a shore. Donations large or small but send now while you think of it. Address: 1914 War Society, 28, Duke St., St. James', W. Title from item.

Subject:
History
U.S. History
Material Type:
Diagram/Illustration
Primary Source
Provider:
Library of Congress
Provider Set:
Library of Congress - World War I Posters
Date Added:
06/18/2013
The Doctors Puzzled Or The Desparate Case of Mother U.S. Bank
Unrestricted Use
Public Domain
Rating
0.0 stars

A satire directed against the United States Bank, showing the impact of Jackson's September 1833 order for the withdrawal of federal funds from the Bank and their distribution among state banks. In a bedchamber the Bank, portrayed as an obese woman, lies in bed vomiting coins "Deposites [sic]" into a basin "Manhattan Bank." Nearby are two other basins (filled) marked "Mechanics Bank" and "Bank of America," and two broken medicine vials labeled "Veto" and "Order for the Removal of the Deposites." Bank president Nicholas Biddle holds her head. Bank: "Oh! dear Nick! I am dreadful sick!" Biddle: "D--n that Doctor Jackson. This is the effect of his last prescription." At left stand Bank supporters Henry Clay, Daniel Webster and John Calhoun, as physicians in consultation. Clay: "What do you say to the application of my Patent American System?" Calhoun: "Doctor your American System won't do here. Desperate cases require desperate remedies, a few of the leaden pills of Nullification and some blood taken will suffice." Calhoun's reputation in the North was sorely affected by his leadership role in the southern Nullification effort of 1832. Webster (in the center): "I wonder how a few grains of Common Sense washed down with Boston Particular would do?" On the floor at left sits a man, no doubt a pro-Bank newspaper editor, holding a copy of the "National Gazette," moaning: "Alas! Alas! No more fees." Jackson and Major Jack Downing look in through a window at far left. Downing: "Why Gineral, I never know'd You was a Doctor before." Jackson: "No more I ain't Major Downing but I've read the American Family Physician and know what kind of a dose to give to clean out a foul stomach!"|Published and for sale wholesale and retail by Anthony Imbert at his Caricature Store no. 104 Broadway, New York.|Title appears as it is written on the item.|Helfand, p. 9.|Weitenkampf, p. 28-29.|Forms part of: American cartoon print filing series (Library of Congress)|Published in: American political prints, 1766-1876 / Bernard F. Reilly. Boston : G.K. Hall, 1991, entry 1833-10.

Subject:
History
U.S. History
Material Type:
Diagram/Illustration
Primary Source
Provider:
Library of Congress
Provider Set:
Library of Congress - Cartoons 1766-1876
Date Added:
06/08/2013
Documentary Photography: Body Image
Unrestricted Use
CC BY
Rating
0.0 stars

Students will analyze a photograph to learn about body image. They will also discuss how society views the human body in different cultures.

Subject:
Applied Science
Arts and Humanities
Health, Medicine and Nursing
Material Type:
Diagram/Illustration
Lesson Plan
Provider:
J. Paul Getty Museum
Provider Set:
Getty Education
Date Added:
05/22/2013