All resources in ODHE OER Innovation Grant Intro to Psychology Team
PSY101 - Unit 8 - Motivation and Emotion
(View Complete Item Description)Topic 8: Motivation and EmotionTextbook readings: pp. 331-338; pp. 342-343; p. 352.Watch:Discovering Psychology: Motivation and EmotionMotivation and Emotion is the twelfth program in the DISCOVERING PSYCHOLOGY series. Based on the early research of Sigmund Freud and Abraham Maslow, this program explores the sources of motivation, causes of behavior, and interplay between motivation and action. It examines societal and individual motivation, sexual motivation, and cumulative effects of optimism and pessimism in human life.©2001 WGBH Educational Foundation All Rights ReservedWatch: Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs - Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs is a theory in psychology. It argues that there are five stages of human needs that motivate our behaviour. Learning objectives:1. Discuss these two types of “motivation”: extrinsic and intrinsic.2. Explain how these factors can help explain “motivation”: instinct, drive theory, arousal theory, self-efficacy, and Maslow’s theory of “hierarchy of needs”.3. Describe how hunger and eating are regulated.4. Define anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa.5. Define emotion.
Material Type: Module
Functions of Emotions
(View Complete Item Description)Emotions play a crucial role in our lives because they have important functions. This module describes those functions, dividing the discussion into three areas: the intrapersonal, the interpersonal, and the social and cultural functions of emotions. The section on the intrapersonal functions of emotion describes the roles that emotions play within each of us individually; the section on the interpersonal functions of emotion describes the meanings of emotions to our relationships with others; and the section on the social and cultural functions of emotion describes the roles and meanings that emotions have to the maintenance and effective functioning of our societies and cultures at large. All in all we will see that emotions are a crucially important aspect of our psychological composition, having meaning and function to each of us individually, to our relationships with others in groups, and to our societies as a whole.
Material Type: Module
Introduction to Sociology 2e, Gender, Sex, and Sexuality
(View Complete Item Description)Material Type: Unit of Study
Gender
(View Complete Item Description)This module discusses gender and its related concepts, including sex, gender roles, gender identity, sexual orientation, and sexism. In addition, this module includes a discussion of differences that exist between males and females and how these real gender differences compare to the stereotypes society holds about gender differences. In fact, there are significantly fewer real gender differences than one would expect relative to the large number of stereotypes about gender differences. This module then discusses theories of how gender roles develop and how they contribute to strong expectations for gender differences. Finally, the module concludes with a discussion of some of the consequences of relying on and expecting gender differences, such as gender discrimination, sexual harassment, and ambivalent sexism.
Material Type: Module
Personal Stabilty and Change
(View Complete Item Description)This module describes different ways to address questions about personality stability across the lifespan. Definitions of the major types of personality stability are provided, and evidence concerning the different kinds of stability and change are reviewed. The mechanisms thought to produce personality stability and personality change are identified and explained.
Material Type: Module
PSY101 - Unit 6 - Cognition and Intelligence
(View Complete Item Description)Unit 6 - Cognition and IntelligenceLearning objectives:1. Define cognition and intelligence.2. Explain these different types of intelligence: crystallized & fluid; the three types of intelligence in Sternberg’s “triarchic” theory; “multiple intelligences” in Gardner’s theory; and “emotional intelligence” according to Goleman.3. Define “I.Q. score” and explain how it is measured.4. Explain how “normal” intelligence is identified.5. Define learning disability.6. Define “intellectual disability” and describe the different subtypes.7. Explain how intelligence may be influenced by both “nature” and “nurture”.
Material Type: Module
Intelligence
(View Complete Item Description)Intelligence is among the oldest and longest studied topics in all of psychology. The development of assessments to measure this concept is at the core of the development of psychological science itself. This module introduces key historical figures, major theories of intelligence, and common assessment strategies related to intelligence. This module will also discuss controversies related to the study of group differences in intelligence.
Material Type: Module
Psychology, Thinking and Intelligence, Language
(View Complete Item Description)By the end of this section, you will be able to:Define language and demonstrate familiarity with the components of languageUnderstand how the use of language developsExplain the relationship between language and thinking
Material Type: Module
Language and Language Use
(View Complete Item Description)Humans have the capacity to use complex language, far more than any other species on Earth. We cooperate with each other to use language for communication; language is often used to communicate about and even construct and maintain our social world. Language use and human sociality are inseparable parts of Homo sapiens as a biological species.
Material Type: Module
Conditioning and Learning
(View Complete Item Description)Basic principles of learning are always operating and always influencing human behavior. This module discusses the two most fundamental forms of learning -- classical (Pavlovian) and instrumental (operant) conditioning. Through them, we respectively learn to associate 1) stimuli in the environment, or 2) our own behaviors, with significant events, such as rewards and punishments. The two types of learning have been intensively studied because they have powerful effects on behavior, and because they provide methods that allow scientists to analyze learning processes rigorously. This module describes some of the most important things you need to know about classical and instrumental conditioning, and it illustrates some of the many ways they help us understand normal and disordered behavior in humans. The module concludes by introducing the concept of observational learning, which is a form of learning that is largely distinct from classical and operant conditioning.
Material Type: Module
PSY101 - Topic 5 - Learning
(View Complete Item Description)Topic 5 : LearningLearning objectives:1. Define reflex and learning, as well as these three types of learning: Classical Conditioning; Operant Conditioning; and Observational Learning (also called “social learning” or “modeling”).2. Explain what happened in Pavlov's dog study; Watson's "Little Albert" study; and Bandura’s observational learning study.3. Describe the following concepts in Classical Conditioning: conditioned and unconditioned stimuli; and conditioned and unconditioned responses.4. Describe the following concepts in Operant Conditioning: positive reinforcement; negative reinforcement; positive punishment, negative punishment, shaping and behavior modification.5. Explain the steps involved in “modelling”
Material Type: Module
PSY101 - Topic 7 - Memory
(View Complete Item Description)Topic 7: MemoryLearning objectives:1. Discuss these three functions of memory: encoding, storage and retrieval, and also the role played by the “hippocampus” in memory.2. Describe these three stages of memory storage: sensory memory, short term memory, and long term memory.3. Differentiate among procedural memory, declarative memory and episodic memory.4. Differentiate among recall, recognition and relearning (all forms of retrieval).5. Explain these problems with memory: anterograde amnesia, retrograde amnesia, reconstruction, suggestibility, eyewitness misidentification, and false memory syndrome.6. Describe theories of “forgetting”, specifically encoding failure; memory errors, proactive interference and retroactive interference.7. Explain how these processes can enhance (improve) memory: chunking, elaborative rehearsal, mnemonic devices, level of processing, exercise and sleep.
Material Type: Module
Drive States
(View Complete Item Description)Our thoughts and behaviors are strongly influenced by affective experiences known as drive states. These drive states motivate us to fulfill goals that are beneficial to our survival and reproduction. This module provides an overview of key drive states, including information about their neurobiology and their psychological effects.
Material Type: Module
The Nature-Nurture Question
(View Complete Item Description)People have a deep intuition about what has been called the “nature–nurture question.” Some aspects of our behavior feel as though they originate in our genetic makeup, while others feel like the result of our upbringing or our own hard work. The scientific field of behavior genetics attempts to study these differences empirically, either by examining similarities among family members with different degrees of genetic relatedness, or, more recently, by studying differences in the DNA of people with different behavioral traits. The scientific methods that have been developed are ingenious, but often inconclusive. Many of the difficulties encountered in the empirical science of behavior genetics turn out to be conceptual, and our intuitions about nature and nurture get more complicated the harder we think about them. In the end, it is an oversimplification to ask how “genetic” some particular behavior is. Genes and environments always combine to produce behavior, and the real science is in the discovery of how they combine for a given behavior.
Material Type: Module
Noba Psychology Collection
(View Complete Item Description)Noba is a high-quality, flexibly structured digital introduction to psychology resource for higher-ed classrooms and virtual classrooms. Noba consists of nearly 90 short (2500-4000 word) chapters authored by leading instructors and researchers including 7 winners of the William James Award. Chapters are organized in familiar categories (Development, Learning & Memory, Personality, etc.) for easy reference. All Noba materials are licensed through Creative Commons under the CC BY-NA-SA license terms. The Noba website allows anyone to combine chapters in any order to create unique psychology textbooks to suit virtually any curriculum. In addition to allowing users to build their own customized collections, Noba provides a series of "Ready-Made" digital textbooks curated from the Noba chapters to conform to the scope and sequence of some of the most commonly taught 100/200-level psych courses (Intro-to-Psych, Psych as a Biological Science, Psych as a Social Science, etc.). The Ready-made books can also be edited to add or remove chapters, or sections so that they better conform to the specific course an instructor will teach. Custom-made books, Ready-made books, or even individual chapters can be used online, downloaded as PDFs or shared withe learners via email and social media using easy-share tools built in to the website.
Material Type: Reading, Textbook
Discover Psychology 2.0 - A Brief Introductory Text
(View Complete Item Description)This textbook presents core concepts common to introductory courses. The 15 units cover the traditional areas of intro-to-psychology; ranging from biological aspects of psychology to psychological disorders to social psychology. This book can be modified: feel free to add or remove modules to better suit your specific needs. This book includes a comprehensive instructor's manual, PowerPoint presentations, a test bank, reading anticipation guides, and adaptive student quizzes.
Material Type: Textbook