Lactic acid fermentation. How organisms like lactobacillus convert pyruvic acid to lactic acid and oxidize NADH to NAD+ in the process.

Students measure the relative intensity of a magnetic field as a function of distance. They place a permanent magnet selected distances from a compass, measure the deflection, and use the gathered data to compute the relative magnetic field strength. Based on their findings, students create mathematical models and use the models to calculate the field strength at the edge of the magnet. They use the periodic table to predict magnetism. Finally, students create posters to communicate the details their findings. This activity guides students to think more deeply about magnetism and the modeling of fields while practicing data collection and analysis. An equations handout and two grading rubrics are provided.

What can you do with chemistry skills? A lot of things, it turns out! Learn about the diversity of careers available to people interested in chemistry.

Students design systems that use microbes to break down a water pollutant (in this case, sugar). They explore how temperature affects the rate of pollutant decomposition.

Students are challenged to use computer-aided design (CAD) software to create “complete” 3D-printed molecule models that take into consideration bond angles and lone-pair positioning. To begin, they explore two interactive digital simulations: “build a molecule” and “molecule shapes.” This aids them in comparing and contrasting existing molecular modeling approaches—ball-and-stick, space-filling, and valence shell electron pair repulsion (VSEPR)—so as to understand their benefits and limitations. In order to complete a worksheet that requires them to draw Lewis dot structures, they determine the characteristics and geometries (valence electrons, polar bonds, shape type, bond angles and overall polarity) of 12 molecules. They also use molecular model kits. These explorations and exercises prepare them to design and 3D print their own models to most accurately depict molecules. Pre/Post quizzes, a step-by-step Blender 3D software tutorial handout and a worksheet are provided.

Students work as engineers to learn about the properties of molecules and how they move in 3D space through the use of LEGO MINDSTORMS(TM) NXT robotics. They design and build molecular models and use different robotic sensors to control the movement of the molecular simulations. Students learn about the size of atoms, Newman projections, and the relationship of energy and strain on atoms. This unique modular modeling activity is especially helpful in providing students with a spatial and tactile understanding of how molecules behave.

In this two-part activity, learners use everyday materials to visualize one mole of gas or 22.4 liters of gas. The first activity involves sublimating dry ice in large garbage bag. The second activity uses plastic bottles.

In this activity about electricity and magnetism, learners examine what happens when a magnet exerts a force on a current-carrying wire. Using a simple device, learners discover that when an electrical current flows through a magnetic field, a force is exerted on the current and this force can be used to make an electric motor. Learners will experiment to find out what happens when they reverse the direction of current flow. They will also discover a mathematical tool called the "right-hand rule."

Student teams learn how water filtration systems that use nanoparticles and nanotechnology can remove organic compounds from water. First they learn about the role nanoparticles play in water filtration. Then they are introduced to the basics of nanoparticles and nanotechnology, focusing on the impacts and benefits this innovative technology has on our daily lives. Using methylene blue and methyl orange solutions, students test for the efficiency of photocatalytic nanoparticles to sanitize water. They expose a solution sample of water and methyl orange (the microbe indicator) with their newly-made water sanitation filters under UV light (sunlight) to activate the photocatalytic properties of three specific nanoparticles. They visually compare them with control samples to determine the best photocatalytic nanoparticle to sanitize water.

Ancient alchemists attempted but failed to turn different substances into gold. It turns out that the only way to turn one element into another element is using nuclear chemistry! Nuclear reactions change the composition of an atom's nucleus, and this process is useful for many applications.

Using their knowledge of the phases of matter, the scientific method, and polymers, student teams work as if they are chemical engineers to optimize the formula for slime. Hired by the fictional company, Slime Productions, students are challenged to modify the chemical composition of the basic formula for slime to maximize its "bounce factor."

This 12-minute video lesson discusses acetic acid to acetyl chloride mechanism. They can be generalized to forming any acid halide from a carboxylic acid. [Organic Chemistry playlist: Lesson 69 of 73].

This 13-minute video lesson considers the addition of Water (Acid-Catalyzed) Mechanism. [Organic Chemistry playlist: Lesson 29 of 73].

This 9-minute video lesson looks at the properties of alcohol. [Organic Chemistry playlist: Lesson 46 of 73].

This 7-minute video lesson looks at naming alcohols. [Organic Chemistry playlist: Lesson 45 of 73].

This 8-minute video lesson provides an introduction to aldehyde. [Organic Chemistry playlist: Lesson 61 of 73].

This 12-minute video lesson looks at Aldol Reaction. It is the final video in the Organic Chemistry playlist. [Organic Chemistry playlist: Lesson 73 of 73].

This 9-minute video lesson looks at amide formation from acyl chloride. [Organic Chemistry playlist: Lesson 72 of 73].

This 9-minute video lesson looks at carboxylic Aacid Derivatives: amides, anhydrides, esters and acyl chlorides. [Organic Chemistry playlist: Lesson 70 of 73].

This 6-minute video lesson continues to discuss amine naming. [Organic Chemistry playlist: Lesson 57 of 73].