In this lesson, students will survey the extent of and experiences of African Americans in military service during US war efforts from the Revolution to the Vietnam Conflict using a Hyperdoc (see attached) that can be assigned using your LMS system.

An illustrated sheet music cover for a "Patriotic Song. Written, to be sung at Baltimore during the Young Men's Whig Convention" of May 1840. The composer is identified as "a Pennsylvanian." The illustration, like the song itself, celebrates the distinguished military record of Whig presidential candidate William Henry Harrison. A ring of smoke issues from two cannons and frames the central view of a log cabin in the wilderness. Outside the house are a cider barrel, a plough, a covered wagon, and (in the foreground) an ox cart and driver. Superimposed on the smoke ring are nine ovals containing scenes from Harrison's military career. They are (counterclockwise from bottom): Ensign Harrison 19 years of age" "Lieut. Harrison at Maumee Rapids" "Govr. Harrison making a treaty with the Sacke & Fox Indians" "Genl. Harrison hastening at night to the assistance of Genl. Winchester" "Harrison's Victory at the Thames" "Harrison's Victory at Tippecanoe" "Genl. Harrison & his Army going into winter quarters at the Maumee Rapids, in 1812" "Genl.Harrison in 1812 at the Head of 7000 Troops" "Genl. Harrison at the Council of Vincennes with Tecumseh." At the top of the oval is a bust of Harrison flanked by flags, muskets, bayonets, and fasces. Over his head hovers a dove holding a star.|Entered . . . 1840 by Ld. Meignen & Co.|Leopold. Meignen & Co. Publishers & Importers of Music.|On Stone by James Queen.|P.S. Duval, Lith Phila.|The Library's impression of the print is damaged slightly, with a tear running through the log house.|Title appears as it is written on the item.|Published in: American political prints, 1766-1876 / Bernard F. Reilly. Boston : G.K. Hall, 1991, entry 1840-11.

Another parody of Van Buren administration efforts to end the long and costly Second Seminole War in Florida. The War Department was regularly subjected to public and congressional attacks for cruelty, waste, and incompetence in its prosecution of the war. It drew especially heavy fire for the introduction of Cuban bloodhounds to hunt the Seminoles in early 1840. (See "The Secretary of War," no. 1840-5). Several dandified soldiers lounge in a commodious tent as a corps of uniformed bloodhounds stand guard outside. Their standard says "Puppy Guard Sentinel." The soldiers are surrounded by luxury items like "Windsor Soap (soft)," cigars, and "eau de cologne," and one is fanned by an Indian squaw. One soldier remarks, brushing his long hair, "I say Major, as we are in no danger of losing our scalps, we may as well put our Soap locks on the Peace Establishment." Another, playing chess, says, "Since our new Allies from Cuba have joined us, we can have a quiet game of Chess without any fear of a check from our red friends in the Swamp." An older, pipe-smoking soldier laments, "Ah! the Army is not what it was! Where's the Hero of Tippecanoe." (He refers to Whig presidential candidate William Henry Harrison.)|Lith. & pub. by H.R. Robinson 52 Cortlandt St. N.Y. & Pennsa Ave Washington D.C.|Signed with monogram: HD (Henry Dacre?).|Title appears as it is written on the item.|Fowble, no. 338.|Murrell, p. 144.|Weitenkampf, p. 59.|Forms part of: American cartoon print filing series (Library of Congress)|Published in: American political prints, 1766-1876 / Bernard F. Reilly. Boston : G.K. Hall, 1991, entry 1840-6.

What does it mean to belong to a country? Can events change what that means? This interactive compares two paintings by John Lewis Krimmel. Both show people in Philadelphia’s Centre Square celebrating the Fourth of July, but one was painted in 1812, just after the United States had declared war on Great Britain, and the other was painted in 1819, four years after the war had ended. The two look very different, reflecting changing ideas. This "Genial.ly" presentation includes interactive annotations and a juxtapose slider--the final slide includes suggestions on how to help students use the art as historical evidence. If you evaluate or use this resource, please respond to this short (4 question) survey here bit.ly/3ofUImf

An illustrated sheet music cover for a set of "popular airs" for the piano, dedicated by the publisher to "Whigs of the United States." A Whig campaign piece, the work eulogizes the supposed humble rusticity of presidential candidate William Henry Harrison. In an oval medallion flanked by American flags is a bust portrait of Harrison. Beneath it lie crossed olive branches and above, in a burst of light, stands an eagle holding a streamer that reads "The Hero of Tippecanoe." In the background are Harrison's log cabin with smoking chimney (on the left) and the United States Capitol (on the right). The music sheet sold for fifty cents.|Entered . . . 1840 by F.C. Unger.|Gimber's Lithy. 404, Broadway New York.|New York. Published by Ferdinand C. Unger, late Saml. C. Jollie & Co. 385 Broadway.|Title appears as it is written on the item.|Published in: American political prints, 1766-1876 / Bernard F. Reilly. Boston : G.K. Hall, 1991, entry 1840-14.

Campaign badge produced for the New England Whig Convention in Boston, September 10-11, 1840. An aureole of light surrounds an oval bust portrait of Harrison, ringed by medallions of the arms of the states of (clockwise from upper left) Connecticut, Vermont, Maine, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, and Rhode Island. An American eagle, holding arrows, perches on the Vermont seal at top, and the names of Harrison's military triumphs--Ft. Meigs, Thames, and Tippecanoe--appear behind.|Probably published in Boston.|Title appears as it is written on the item.|Fischer & Sullivan, no. WHH-14.|Published in: American political prints, 1766-1876 / Bernard F. Reilly. Boston : G.K. Hall, 1991, entry 1840-22.

A Whig campaign ribbon, produced for the Young Men's National Convention held in Baltimore in May. At the top in a corona of stars is a fasces. Below it an eagle holds a streamer with the words "Union for the Sake of the Union" above a bust portrait of William Henry Harrison. Above the candidate's head are rays of light with the words "Our Country's Hope," and on his sides are flags, with the names of his military victories "Tippecanoe" and "Thames," and two cannons. At the bottom is a log cabin with a plough, farm implements, sheaved wheat, and a beehive. The cabin's door is partially ajar and bears the optimistic words "To Let in 1841."|Published by J.S. Horton, corner Baltimore and South St., Baltimore, Md.|Signed: G.W.D.|Title appears as it is written on the item.|Published in: American political prints, 1766-1876 / Bernard F. Reilly. Boston : G.K. Hall, 1991, entry 1840-10.

This resource serves as the in-class review activity over period four for the APUSH midterm summative assessment.

Once again, Lewis Cass is attacked as a militaristic expansionist. (See "A War President," no. 1848-16.) His support during the 1846 Oregon boundary dispute of the expansionist 54 40' parallel and his War of 1812 military record are invoked as evidence of his hawkish character. Cass (center) sits on a pile of cannon balls inscribed "54.40" signing a declaration of war with a quill pen dipped in blood. He uses a military drum for a desk top. In his left hand he holds a broken saber, memento of a well-publicized incident during the War of 1812 when Cass defied his superior officer's orders to surrender to the British at Detroit. Rather than surrender his troops he chose instead to break his sword. Here he says, "The first thing I'll do will be to sign this declaration of war--leaving the name of the Country blank to fill up afterward--if the People did not want more bloodshed why the devil did they make "me" Genl. (C)Ass President--holloa Scott are you ready?" To the right, Gen. Winfield Scott stands next to a cannon, eating a bowl of soup. He says, "All right Mr. President. I have nearly finished the "hasty bowl of soup" only keep Quiet two minutes longer & I'll get my friend Barnum to give you the "other" piece of "that broken sword." " (For the origin of the "hasty bowl of soup" joke, see "Distinguished Military Operations with a Hasty Bowl of Soup," no. 1846-15). To the left stands Whig nominee Zachary Taylor, as a military drummer boy, accompanied by two bloodhounds. The dogs allude to Taylor's controversial use of bloodhounds against Indians in the Second Seminole War in Florida. (For an extremely defamatory treatment of this theme see James Baillie's "Hunting Indians in Florida with Blood-Hounds," no. 1848-20) He exclaims, "Too bad by Jessy!! here I am at the old trade again, instead of being President dammme if they have not made me drummer." In the background stand a row of soldiers, one holding a flag marked "54.40."|Lith. & pub. by H.R. Robinson 31 Park-Row N.Y. (Adjoining Lovejoy's Hotel.)|Signed: By 54.40|Title appears as it is written on the item.|Forms part of: American cartoon print filing series (Library of Congress)|Published in: American political prints, 1766-1876 / Bernard F. Reilly. Boston : G.K. Hall, 1991, entry 1848-17.

What can historical paintings tell us about the past? Are they trustworthy, or should we just chalk them up to an artist’s random doodles? This resource links to a "Genial.ly" presentation with a collection of images from John Lewis Krimmel (1786-1821) with interactive annotations. All of the images can be used in conjunction with studying the War of 1812 or Federal period in US History. The final slide includes four suggestions for responding to the historic images as a way of using them as evidence about the past. If you evaluate or use this resource, please respond to the short (4 question) survey here bit.ly/3luUea2

A Whig campaign print, showing William Henry Harrison greeting a wounded veteran before a log cabin by a river. The cabin flies an American flag with the words "Harrison & Tyler" and with a liberty cap on its staff. A coonskin is tacked to the side of the cabin, two barrels of hard cider stand by, and a farmer ploughs a field in the distance. The text below the image describes the scene: "This Log Cabin "was the first building erected on the North Bend of the beautiful Ohio River, with the barrel of cider outside and the door always open to the traveller. The wounded soldier is one of" Gen. Harrison's comrades, "meeting him after his celebrated Victory of Tippecanoe and not only does the brave old Hero give his comrade a hearty welcome, but his dog recognizes him as an old acquaintance, and repeats the welcome by a cordial and significant shake of his tail! If the looker-on will only watch close enough he can see the tail absolutely shake in the picture, particularly on a clear day, and if it is held due East and West, so, as to feel the power of the" magnetic attraction "from the Great West." The closing statement is a reference to Harrison's broad base of support in the western United States.|Lith. & published by Thomas Sinclair, no. 79 S. Third St. Phila.|Signed: J.T.F. (probably John T. French).|Title appears as it is written on the item.|Forms part of: American cartoon print filing series (Library of Congress)|Published in: American political prints, 1766-1876 / Bernard F. Reilly. Boston : G.K. Hall, 1991, entry 1840-17.

This is a unit over the War of 1812 complete with Pre/Post Assessments, notes, resources and activities. It is an online unit designed for students to work independently at their own pace, but with modifications, teachers can adjust it to meet their needs. It is also designed to allow students choice in how they will take their notes, and how they will study.

Teachers will need to “Make a Copy” of various materials within the unit. Particularly the quizzes so they can have access to student results. They will also need to link those quizzes within the Student Outline so students will have access to them. Teachers are also encouraged to adapt the materials as needed to fit their classrooms and students as long as they follow the copyright guidelines.