This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) is an important bacterial disease of shrimp caused by some Vibrio species and has severe negative impacts on shrimp aquaculture globally. Antibiotics are commonly used prophylactically against such diseases but can cause bacterial antibiotic resistance and microbiome impairment. Given the risk of antibiotics to human and environmental health, the application of probiotics is a promising approach, but whether these probiotics affect the shrimp gut microbiome remains unknown. Recently, researchers examined how the shrimp gastrointestinal microbiota responded to the ILI strain, a Vibrio strain that also serves as an effective shrimp probiotic. The ILI strain was effective not only in preventing AHPND and promoting shrimp survival but also in maintaining a healthy gut microbiome..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"The skin is the interface between the human body and the environment, and the different features in distinct skin regions, such as different temperatures, humidity levels, gland densities, and pH values, create a variety of niches that can support a diverse skin microbiome. This microbiome includes bacteria, archaea, viruses, fungi, and even mites. A healthy skin microbiome helps maintain skin homeostasis, protects against pathogens, communicates with and trains the immune system, and affects wound healing. However, the skin microbiome can be influenced by many factors, including intrinsic factors like aging and extrinsic factors like cosmetic. Recent advances in molecular biology techniques and next-generation sequencing have drastically increased our understanding of the microorganisms that live on our skin, but the microbes are often still difficult to culture and study..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This communication material is based on the findings of the study titled Probiotic as Alternative to Antibiotic in Broiler Diets of Jesus P. Cocal and Lilibeth A. Roxas (as cited in Gintong Saliksik: Multi-Disciplinary Research Journal of CNSC (Volume I No. 1, 2010)). This aims to simplify the presenation of the effects of antibiotic and probiotic on broiler chickens. It is written in Filipino because it is the mother-tongue of the intended audience who are poultry owners and farmers.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"The gastrointestinal tract is an active ecosystem in the human body containing beneficial bacteria – probiotics – that are essential for maintaining metabolism and immune cell maturation. Probiotics have demonstrated benefits in many infectious and non-infectious diseases, including lactose intolerance, GI and urogenital infections, cancer, cystic fibrosis, allergies, atopic dermatitis, and inflammatory bowel disease. A recent review focuses on one aspect of the effects of probiotics. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression post-transcription. miRNAs are biochemical biomarkers that play an important role in cell signaling pathways in health and disease. Probiotics are capable of inducing the expression of miRNAs in a variety of disease conditions, improving immune system modulation and protecting intestinal barrier function. Probiotic administration, therefore, could play a crucial role in the prevention and treatment of pathological conditions..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Genetic and molecular differences in individual bacterial strains of the gut microbiome may affect health outcomes, including aging, in humans. However, the details and effects of host-microbe co-evolution remain unclear. To obtain insights, a recent study investigated Bifidobacterium longum, a key long-term member of the human gut microbiome that has also been linked to aging. Population genomics analyses of 418 human gut strains revealed three geographic populations of B. longum, with differences in cell wall synthesis genes and carbohydrate metabolism genes. B. longum was actively transmitted between individuals, families, and regions, but a single clone tended to colonize each host. B. longum relative abundance declined with host age, while certain genotype features, such as a sequence variant in the B. longum arginine biosynthesis pathway, were positively related to age. In mice, B..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"The balance between hunger and satiety plays a key role in metabolic health. Specifically, disrupted appetite can lead to eating disorders or obesity. Appetite control is influenced by a complex web of factors - including our gut microbiota. Gut microbiota influence appetite through a variety of mechanisms, including regulating appetite-related hormones such as leptin, ghrelin, and insulin, influencing the immune system and acting directly on hypothalamic neurons. Recently, there has been interest in exploring the gut-microbiota-brain axis in several research fields. Some research has suggested that the gut microbiota can regulate host body weight and even psychiatric disorders, but the effects of gut microbiome interventions have been inconsistent and require more research. Overall, there are many links between gut microbiota and host appetite, but the interaction is complicated by many outside variables, and the precise mechanisms have yet to be fully deciphered..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"The first human spaceflight to Mars is expected to take place sometime within the next decade, and its success will be highly dependent on the health of its crew. The human microbiome, or the community of microorganisms inhabiting the body, has critical effects on human health, but how the journey to another planet will affect it has yet to be determined. During a space mission, the crew will experience microgravity, increased cosmic radiation, isolation, food limitations, and other stressors. While data from simulations and the International Space Station suggest that the human microbiome may be resilient to these conditions, frequent monitoring during the spaceflight will still be necessary to safeguard crew health. Microbiome perturbations will need to be actively prevented, and the establishment of a computer-based warning system will allow microbe-related disease to be quickly detected..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Graves’ disease (GD) is an autoimmune condition in which autoantibodies to a thyroid receptor cause hyperthyroidism. In addition to thyroid disease, many GD patients also develop Graves’ orbitopathy (GO) – an eye disease causing double vision, protrusion of the eyeballs, and even blindness. Understanding the factors contributing to GO will help to develop improved treatments for this disease. A recent study focused on the effects of a unique factor – gut microbiota. Following up on results indicating that gut microbe variations correlated with thyroid disease severity, researchers used a mouse model of GD/GO to determine whether the gut microbiota plays a role in thyroid autoimmunity. Comparing female mice treated with antibiotics, probiotics, or fecal transplants from patients with severe GO, they found that treating mice with antibiotics reduced gut microbiota richness and decreased the severity of GD/GO..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Succinate is a metabolite and extracellular signal transductor with complex, but largely inflammatory, roles in the human body. Circulating succinate is elevated in patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes and has been linked to numerous complications. Both human cells and gut bacteria generate succinate, but how microbial succinate production impacts circulating levels and host health remains unclear. In a recent study, combined evidence from human patients and mice point to intestinal succinate as a key factor in obesity-related metabolic disturbances. Specifically, gut microbiota is identified as a relevant source of the high levels of circulating succinate found in obesity. However, modulation of intestinal flora dysbiosis of obese mice with succinate-consuming bacteria as a probiotic might reduce circulating succinate levels. Odoribacter laneus was a particularly promising candidate for this purpose. O..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Babies born before 37 weeks often need antibiotics to stave off infection. Antibiotic exposure like this can increase the amount of antibiotic resistance genes carried by the microbes in their gut. But giving them a probiotic of beneficial bacteria may help. To test this, researchers examined the microbiome antibiotic resistance genes in three groups of infants: preterm infants with probiotic supplementation, preterm infants without probiotic supplementation, and full-term infants. The samples were collected from the preterm infants near their predicted due date and from the full-term infants when they were 10 days old. Overall, the number of antibiotic resistance genes didn’t differ between groups, but the types and resistance mechanisms did. The preterm infants not given probiotics had over 80 antibiotic resistance genes unique to their group and had more genes associated with antibiotic inactivation mechanisms than the other groups..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Numerous food products on the market today advertise the presence of probiotics, living microorganisms with potential health benefits, and many people take dietary supplements containing probiotics in the hopes of improving their gut health. Scientists often compare peroral probiotic treatments to a 'drop in the ocean', referring to the vast microbiota that already exist in the gut. So how can it impact the entire microbiota and gut health? To answer this question, researchers recently evaluated how a particular probiotic bacterium affects immune cells found in masses of tissue in the small intestine called Peyer’s patches. They found an increase in both the number and immune function of certain white blood cells known as B lymphocytes in the Peyer’s patches of mice that ingested the probiotic. This change led to increased production of the antibody IgA and altered the intestinal microbial community, ultimately resulting in improved protection against inflammation, such as colitis..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Next-generation sequencing has fostered an explosion of microbiome research. Due to the role our microbiota play in health, there is growing interest in cultivating beneficial bacterial strains for ‘next-generation probiotics’. However, many important species are difficult to cultivate. _Faecalibacterium prausnitzii_ is associated with healthy gut microbiota but is extremely oxygen sensitive, and _Christensenella minuta_ is a health-associated keystone species that is under-represented in the microbial community. A previously described cell sorter modified for anaerobic sorting conditions could be used to isolate sensitive strains of bacteria like this. First, researchers established that reference strains of _F. prausnitzii_ and _C. minuta_ had only minor viability loss during sorting and culture in this system. Then. they generated polyclonal antibodies against _F. prausnitzii _and _C. minuta_..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"The gut microbiota – the community of microorganisms living in the gut – plays a critical role in health and disease. In healthy individuals, the microbiota and the host are in symbiosis, but disruption of this careful balance can result in severe disease, including inflammatory bowel disease, diabetes, and psychiatric and behavioral disorders. To better understand the relationship between host and microbe, researchers focus on gut microbiota communication via metabolites. However, because microbes’ metabolic output depends on their often-complex environment, it is difficult to fully elucidate the dynamic interactions within the microbiota. These limitations have led to the development of a complementary approach to better understand the relationship between host and microbe. Computational modeling allows researchers to visualize bacterial interactions in the form of a metabolic network..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Coral reefs are especially sensitive to environmental changes, which is evident from mass “bleaching” events, where corals expel the microalgae living in their cells. Reefs have suffered during both climate change and oil contamination, and chemical remediation efforts can harm corals further. A recent study sought to evaluate the impacts of oil contamination and find potential alternatives to chemical dispersants. Using a mesocosm experiment with the fire coral Millepora alcicornis, which is sensitive to environmental changes, researchers constructed a realistic oil-spill scenario and compared the effects of a chemical dispersant, Corexit 9500, to those of bioremediators. They found that bioremediators – bacteria, filamentous fungi, and yeast – helped to mitigate the effects of the oil and maintain the integrity of the coral. In contrast, the chemical dispersant negatively affected host physiology and altered the coral-associated microbial community..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.