The Uterus is the organ of pregnancy as this is where implantation and development of the feotus occurs. The Uterus is the reproductive organ with the most species variations. These variations occur in both the anatomical types of uterus as well as the uterine horn appearance and endometrial linings.

The vagina constitutes the part of the female reproductive tract between the cervix and the vulva. With the vestibule and vulva, it is the copulatory organ and the birth canal. The hymen is the poorly developed, vestigial, mucosal folds at the junction of the vagina and vestibule.

Blood vessel formation is a combination of the following three processes: Vasculogenesis: the formation of blood vessels from endothelial progenitor cells; Angiogenesis: the sprouting of new capillaries from pre-existing vessels; and Arteriogenesis: the remodelling of newly formed or pre-existing vascular channels into larger and more muscular arterioles.

The hindlimb deep veins are very closely related to their respective arteries. Essentially the lay out of the veins is similar in all domestic species.

Ventilation is the movement of air into and out of the lungs. Air moves from high pressure to low pressure with the rate of flow being proportional to the pressure difference. As environmental pressure is generally constant, the respiratory system must change its internal pressure to maintain air flow. The lungs are not fixed to the thoracic wall, but follow the changing volume of the thoracic cavity thanks to the pleura.

Welcome to the Anatomy and Physiology section of WikiVet. Anatomy is the study of form and structure of organisms, whilst physiology is the study of the function of an organism and the processes, physical, chemical and biological, occuring within it. Here we cover all the anatomical and physiological points that make up our domestic species and exotic species.

Veterinary epidemiology is principally concerned with the study of disease within populations (although it may also be used for investigation of issues such as animal welfare and productivity). Put simply, it involves the investigation of patterns of disease within a population, in relation to which animals are affected, the spatial distribution (i.e. location) of affected animals, and the temporal distribution of affected animals (i.e. patterns of disease through time).

This site includes 55 videos demonstrating veterinary techniques, introducing veterinary equipment and materials, explaining animal body systems and organs, aiding animal identification, and more.

The principles of veterinary epidemiology are identical to those of human epidemiology, with the exception that they are applied to animal populations rather than human populations. As such, veterinary and human epidemiology can be viewed as forms of the same overarching discipline of epidemiology. Epidemiology is principally concerned with the investigation of disease within populations (although the same principles are also applicable to investigation of other characteristics, such as animal welfare or productivity), and is based on the concept that disease often does not occur in a random fashion. That is, various characteristics of the animal, the pathogenic agent (or agents) and the environment interact in order to alter the probability of disease occurrence. Epidemiology aims to identify these factors and to describe disease in the population.

Volatile fatty acids are the main energy source for ruminants, providing approximately 70% of the total energy requirements. They are used primarily by the microorganisms for reproduction and growth, with the excess production being used by the ruminant itself.

Vomiting has potentially lethal effects in the monogastric animal. The effects are listed below. It is clinically important to differentiate vomiting from regurgitation, as clients can often confuse these clinical signs and the two have very different aetiologies.